记忆系统巩固中记忆痕迹细胞的作用。

The role of engram cells in the systems consolidation of memory.

机构信息

RIKEN-MIT Center for Neural Circuit Genetics at the Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Departments of Biology and Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.

Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.

出版信息

Nat Rev Neurosci. 2018 Aug;19(8):485-498. doi: 10.1038/s41583-018-0031-2.

DOI:10.1038/s41583-018-0031-2

PMID:29970909

Abstract

What happens to memories as days, weeks and years go by has long been a fundamental question in neuroscience and psychology. For decades, researchers have attempted to identify the brain regions in which memory is formed and to follow its changes across time. The theory of systems consolidation of memory (SCM) suggests that changes in circuitry and brain networks are required for the maintenance of a memory with time. Various mechanisms by which such changes may take place have been hypothesized. Recently, several studies have provided insight into the brain networks driving SCM through the characterization of memory engram cells, their biochemical and physiological changes and the circuits in which they operate. In this Review, we place these findings in the context of the field and describe how they have led to a revamped understanding of SCM in the brain.

摘要

随着时间的推移，记忆会发生什么变化一直是神经科学和心理学的一个基本问题。几十年来，研究人员一直试图确定形成记忆的大脑区域，并跟踪记忆随时间的变化。记忆的系统巩固理论（SCM）认为，随着时间的推移，维持记忆需要电路和大脑网络的变化。人们假设了可能发生这种变化的各种机制。最近，几项研究通过对记忆印痕细胞的特征描述、它们的生化和生理变化以及它们所在的回路，深入了解了驱动 SCM 的大脑网络，为这一领域提供了新的见解。在这篇综述中，我们将这些发现置于该领域的背景下，并描述它们如何导致对大脑中 SCM 的理解的更新。