Shiferaw Anley, Alem Girma, Tsehay Mekonnen, Kibret Getiye Dejenu
Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
Front Oral Health. 2022 Nov 2;3:938405. doi: 10.3389/froh.2022.938405. eCollection 2022.
Dental caries is a significant public health issue affecting both the diabetic and nondiabetic populations. However, the problem and associated factors of dental caries among diabetics and nondiabetics patients are not well-known in Ethiopia. This study aims to compare the prevalence of dental caries and associated factors among diabetic and nondiabetic patients at the Outpatient Department of Bichena Primary Hospital in Northwest, Ethiopia.
Institutional based, comparative cross-sectional study was conducted from October 7 to December 6, 2019, among 200 diabetes and 400 nondiabetic adult patients. A consecutive sampling technique was implemented to recruit study participants. Data were collected by a pretested structured questionnaire and analysis was performed in Statistical Package for Social Science version 20. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regressions were employed and variables with a -value < 0.05 were declared statistically significant.
A total of 582 patients were involved in the study with a response rate of 97.0%. The prevalence of dental caries was 67.9% [95% confidence interval (CI): 63.2%-72.8%] and 79.6% (95% CI: 74.0%-85.70%) in nondiabetic and diabetic group, respectively. Females gender [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.79, 95% CI: 1.15-2.77], poor oral hygiene (AOR = 2.95, 95% CI: 1.71-5.11), lack of regular teeth cleaning habits (AOR = 3.26, 95% CI: 2.13-4.97), feeling dry mouth (AOR = 2.31, 95% CI: 1.11-4.81), sugared tea drinking (AOR = 2.00, 95% CI: 1.18-3.38), inadequate oral health knowledge (AOR = 3.51, 95% CI: 2.19-5.62), and khat chewing (AOR = 2.14, 95% CI: 1.24-3.71) were significantly associated factors with high prevalence of dental caries.
The prevalence of caries was significantly higher among diabetics than nondiabetics. Oral health education with preventive measures such as improving teeth cleaning practice, reducing sugary foods and drinks intake, and improving oral hygiene practice of patients should be mainstreamed along with diabetic follow-up care.
龋齿是一个严重的公共卫生问题，影响着糖尿病患者和非糖尿病患者群体。然而，在埃塞俄比亚，糖尿病患者和非糖尿病患者中龋齿问题及相关因素尚不为人所知。本研究旨在比较埃塞俄比亚西北部比切纳初级医院门诊部糖尿病患者和非糖尿病患者的龋齿患病率及相关因素。
2019年10月7日至12月6日进行了一项基于机构的比较横断面研究，研究对象为200名糖尿病成年患者和400名非糖尿病成年患者。采用连续抽样技术招募研究参与者。通过预先测试的结构化问卷收集数据，并在社会科学统计软件包第20版中进行分析。采用双变量和多变量逻辑回归分析，P值<0.05的变量被判定具有统计学意义。
共有582名患者参与研究，应答率为97.0%。非糖尿病组和糖尿病组的龋齿患病率分别为67.9%[95%置信区间（CI）：63.2%-72.8%]和79.6%（95%CI：74.0%-85.70%）。女性[调整优势比（AOR）=1.79，95%CI：1.15-2.77]、口腔卫生差（AOR=2.95，95%CI：1.71-5.11）、缺乏定期刷牙习惯（AOR=3.26，95%CI：2.13-4.97）、感觉口干（AOR=2.31，95%CI：1.11-4.81）、饮用含糖茶（AOR=2.00，95%CI：1.18-3.38）、口腔健康知识不足（AOR=3.51，95%CI：2.19-5.62）以及咀嚼恰特草（AOR=2.14，95%CI：1.24-3.71）是龋齿高患病率的显著相关因素。
糖尿病患者的龋齿患病率显著高于非糖尿病患者。在糖尿病随访护理中，应将口腔健康教育以及改善刷牙习惯、减少含糖食物和饮料摄入、改善患者口腔卫生习惯等预防措施纳入主流。
