Persistence of oral antidiabetic treatment for type 2 diabetes characterized by drug class, patient characteristics and severity of renal impairment: A Japanese database analysis.

AIM

To evaluate the persistence with oral antidiabetic drug (OAD) treatment characterized by drug class, patient characteristics and severity of renal impairment (RI) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in Japan.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

This retrospective, observational study extracted data from a large-scale hospital database (April 2008 to September 2016). Patients with T2DM aged ≥40 years on the day of their first prescription (index date) of any OAD (biguanides [BGs], thiazolidinediones [TZDs], sulphonylureas [SUs], glinides, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 [DPP-4] inhibitors, or α-glucosidase inhibitors [α-GIs]) available between January 1, 2014 and September 30, 2016 were identified. Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors were not available at study initiation. Treatment persistence was assessed by Kaplan-Meier survival curves. Patients were also categorized by RI status using estimated glomerular filtration rate: ≥90 mL/min/1.73 m (G1); 60 to <90 mL/min/1.73 m (G2); 30 to <60 mL/min/1.73 m (G3); and <30 mL/min/1.73 m (G4+).

RESULTS

We identified 206 406 index dates from 162 116 eligible patients. The largest number of index dates (91634) was observed for DPP-4 inhibitors, followed by BGs, SUs, α-GIs, glinides and TZDs. Treatment persistence was longest for DPP-4 inhibitors (median 17.0 months, 95% confidence interval [CI] 16.4-17.5) and BGs (median 17.3 months, 95% CI 16.6-18.2), and shortest for α-GIs (median 5.6 months, 95% CI 5.4-5.9) and SUs (median 4.3 months, 95% CI 4.2-4.6). Persistence was longest with DPP-4 inhibitors at all RI stages (G1-G4+), followed by BGs at stages G1/G2.

CONCLUSIONS

The longest OAD persistence was observed for BGs and DPP-4 inhibitors at RI stages G1/G2, and for DPP-4 inhibitors at RI stages G3/G4+.