French Tennis Federation, National Tennis Center, Paris, FRANCE.
ISSUL, Institute of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, SWITZERLAND.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2018 Dec;50(12):2465-2473. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000001714.
To compare technical and physiological responses between junior and professional female players during an incremental field test to exhaustion specific to tennis.
Twenty-seven female players (n = 14 and 13 for juniors and professionals, respectively) completed an incremental field test to exhaustion specific to tennis, which consisted of hitting alternatively forehand and backhand strokes at increasing ball frequency (ball machine) every minute. Ball accuracy and ball velocity were determined by radar and video analysis for each stroke, in addition to cardiorespiratory responses (portable gas analyzer).
The stage corresponding to the second ventilatory threshold (+20.0%, P = 0.027), time to exhaustion (+18.9%, P = 0.002) and maximum oxygen uptake (+12.4%, P = 0.007) were higher in professionals than in juniors. The relative percentage of maximal HR was lower at both the first (-4.7%, P = 0.014) and the second (-1.3%, P = 0.018) ventilatory thresholds in professionals. Backhand ball velocity was the only technical parameter that displayed larger (+7.1%, P = 0.016) values in professionals.
Compared with juniors, female professional tennis players possess higher exercise capacity, maximal and submaximal aerobic attributes along with faster backhand stroke velocities during an incremental field test specific to tennis.
比较青少年和职业女性网球运动员在递增至力竭的特定网球场内测试中的技术和生理反应。
27 名女性运动员（青少年和职业组各 14 名和 13 名）完成了一项递增至力竭的特定网球场内测试，该测试包括每分钟交替进行正手和反手击球，球频（球机）逐渐增加。通过雷达和视频分析确定每次击球的球准确性和球速度，同时还记录心肺反应（便携式气体分析仪）。
与青少年相比，职业组的第二通气阈（+20.0%，P=0.027）、力竭时间（+18.9%，P=0.002）和最大摄氧量（+12.4%，P=0.007）更高。在第一（-4.7%，P=0.014）和第二（-1.3%，P=0.018）通气阈时，职业组的最大心率相对百分比也较低。仅反手球速度是职业组中表现出更大（+7.1%，P=0.016）值的唯一技术参数。
与青少年相比，女性职业网球运动员在递增至力竭的特定网球场内测试中具有更高的运动能力、最大和次最大有氧能力，以及更快的反手击球速度。
