Lambrich Johanna, Muehlbauer Thomas
Division of Movement and Training Sciences/Biomechanics of Sport, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
Front Sports Act Living. 2025 Apr 29;7:1578914. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2025.1578914. eCollection 2025.
Fatigue is a multifactorial phenomenon involving central and peripheral mechanisms that could negatively affect performance-related measures in tennis players. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to quantify the effects of fatigue on physiological (e.g., blood lactate, heart rate), physical fitness (e.g., explosive muscle strength, speed), and stroke performance (e.g., stroke velocity or accuracy) related parameters in healthy tennis players and to provide insight into training and recovery strategies. A systematic literature search of PubMed, Web of Science, and SportDiscus identified studies that examined effects of fatigue in tennis. Inclusion criteria required that studies were conducted with healthy participants, applied fatigue-inducing interventions, and used pre-/post-test designs measuring physiological, physical, or stroke performance related parameters. Effect sizes were calculated using weighted standardized mean differences () to assess the impact of fatigue. The search identified a total of = 642 records. Eighteen trials (318 tennis players) were included. Fatigue evoked large to moderate negative effect on physiological ( = -4.19), physical fitness ( = -0.74), and stroke performance ( = -0.60) related parameters. The larger negative effects of fatigue on physiological and physical parameters compared to stroke performance-related outcomes indicate the importance of targeted recovery strategies (e.g., hydration, nutrition or cold baths). For stroke performance, non-fatigued states are recommended for learning new skills, while practice under fatigued conditions may help to maintain biomechanical efficiency during prolonged games.
疲劳是一种多因素现象，涉及中枢和外周机制，可能会对网球运动员与运动表现相关的指标产生负面影响。本系统评价和荟萃分析的目的是量化疲劳对健康网球运动员生理指标（如血乳酸、心率）、身体素质（如爆发力、速度）和击球表现（如击球速度或准确性）相关参数的影响，并深入探讨训练和恢复策略。通过对PubMed、科学网和SportDiscus进行系统的文献检索，确定了研究网球疲劳影响的研究。纳入标准要求研究针对健康参与者开展，采用诱发疲劳的干预措施，并使用前后测试设计来测量生理、身体或击球表现相关参数。使用加权标准化均数差（）计算效应量，以评估疲劳的影响。检索共识别出 = 642条记录。纳入了18项试验（318名网球运动员）。疲劳对生理指标（ = -4.19）、身体素质（ = -0.74）和击球表现（ = -0.60）相关参数产生了大到中等程度的负面影响。与击球表现相关结果相比，疲劳对生理和身体参数的负面影响更大，这表明有针对性的恢复策略（如水合作用、营养或冷水浴）的重要性。对于击球表现，建议在非疲劳状态下学习新技能，而在疲劳条件下练习可能有助于在长时间比赛中保持生物力学效率。
