基于固态量子存储器的单光子开关和晶体管。

A single-photon switch and transistor enabled by a solid-state quantum memory.

机构信息

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics, and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.

Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology, and University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA.

出版信息

Science. 2018 Jul 6;361(6397):57-60. doi: 10.1126/science.aat3581.

DOI:10.1126/science.aat3581

PMID:29976819

Abstract

Single-photon switches and transistors generate strong photon-photon interactions that are essential for quantum circuits and networks. However, the deterministic control of an optical signal with a single photon requires strong interactions with a quantum memory, which has been challenging to achieve in a solid-state platform. We demonstrate a single-photon switch and transistor enabled by a solid-state quantum memory. Our device consists of a semiconductor spin qubit strongly coupled to a nanophotonic cavity. The spin qubit enables a single 63-picosecond gate photon to switch a signal field containing up to an average of 27.7 photons before the internal state of the device resets. Our results show that semiconductor nanophotonic devices can produce strong and controlled photon-photon interactions that could enable high-bandwidth photonic quantum information processing.

摘要

单光子开关和晶体管可产生强的光子-光子相互作用，这对量子电路和网络至关重要。然而，要用单个光子对光信号进行确定性控制，则需要与量子存储器进行强相互作用，这在固态平台上一直难以实现。我们展示了一种由固态量子存储器实现的单光子开关和晶体管。我们的器件由一个与纳米光腔强耦合的半导体自旋量子位组成。自旋量子位使一个平均包含多达 27.7 个光子的信号场在器件的内部状态重置之前，能够用一个 63 皮秒的门光子进行开关切换。我们的结果表明，半导体纳米光子器件可以产生强的和可控的光子-光子相互作用，从而实现高带宽的光子量子信息处理。