Macori Guerrino, Gilardi Giovanna, Bellio Alberto, Bianchi Daniela Manila, Gallina Silvia, Vitale Nicoletta, Gullino Maria Lodovica, Decastelli Lucia
Food Control and Production Hygiene Unit, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, via Bologna 148, 10154 Turin, Italy.
Centre of Competence for Innovation in Agro-Environmental Field, Agroinnova, University of Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy.
Foods. 2018 Jul 5;7(7):105. doi: 10.3390/foods7070105.
The primary production of fresh soft fruits was considered to be a suspected critical point for the contamination of frozen berries that were responsible for the large 2013⁻2014 Hepatitis A virus (HAV) outbreak in Europe. In this study, an Italian berries’ production area was studied for its agro-technical characteristics, and the fresh fruits were analyzed for the presence of enteric viruses (HAV and Norovirus (NoV) genogroup I and genogroup II (GGI and GGII)), the enumeration of hygienic quality parameters, and the prevalence of bacterial pathogens. A total of 50 producers were sampled, who specialized in the exclusive or shared cultivation of berries. was detected in two blackberry samples, whereas HAV and Norovirus were not detected. The samples were negative for spp., , and Shiga toxin-producing (STEC). The farms’ attributes were not associated with positive samples, apart from the presence of and the aerobic mesophilic bacteria for blackberry that were statistically correlated. In blueberries, the high aerobic mesophilic count could likely be associated with the resistance of the outer layer to handling. However, the two pathogens ( spp. and STEC) and the targeted viruses (HAV, NoV GGI and GGII) were not detected, highlighting the low risk of foodborne pathogens and viral contamination at the primary production stage of the berry food chain in the area considered in this pilot study.
新鲜软果的初级生产被认为是冷冻浆果污染的一个疑似关键点，冷冻浆果是导致2013 - 2014年欧洲甲型肝炎病毒（HAV）大规模爆发的原因。在本研究中，对意大利一个浆果生产区的农业技术特征进行了研究，并对新鲜水果进行了分析，以检测肠道病毒（甲型肝炎病毒和诺如病毒基因I群和基因II群（GGI和GGII））的存在、卫生质量参数的计数以及细菌病原体的流行情况。总共对50个专门从事浆果独家或共享种植的生产者进行了采样。在两个黑莓样本中检测到了[未提及的某种细菌]，而未检测到甲型肝炎病毒和诺如病毒。样本对[未提及的某种细菌]、[未提及的某种细菌]和产志贺毒素大肠杆菌（STEC）呈阴性。除了黑莓中[未提及的某种细菌]和好氧嗜温菌的存在具有统计学相关性外，农场的属性与阳性样本无关。在蓝莓中，高需氧嗜温菌数量可能与外层对处理的抗性有关。然而，未检测到两种病原体（[未提及的某种细菌]和STEC）以及目标病毒（甲型肝炎病毒、诺如病毒GGI和GGII），这突出了在本试点研究中所考虑地区的浆果食物链初级生产阶段食源性病原体和病毒污染的低风险。
