Silva Maren de Moraes E, Mercer Pilar Bueno Siqueira, Witt Maria Carolina Zavagna, Pessoa Renata Ramina
MD. Hospital da Cruz Vermelha Filial do Paraná. Neurology Department. Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
Dement Neuropsychol. 2018 Apr-Jun;12(2):123-132. doi: 10.1590/1980-57642018dn12-020004.
Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative condition, is one of the most prevalent kinds of dementia, whose frequency doubles for every 5 years of age in elderly.
To determine the correlation between AD and olfactory alterations, identifying the most affected domains and exploring the utility of olfactory tests for complementing early diagnosis.
Databases were searched using the terms "olfactory OR smell OR olfaction AND alzheimer" for articles related to the proposed theme. The selected studies were categorized and evaluated separately depending on the method of analysis of the olfactory tests: identification of odors, discrimination and recognition, and a meta-analysis was carried out.
Fifty-one articles were selected for analysis. The effect size for most studies was large, as were the summary values for each category of individualized olfactory analysis.
Among the olfactory domains, except memory, identification appears to be the most altered in AD. The possibility of including tests that specifically evaluate the identification of odors as an item in early diagnostic evaluation should be explored. PROSPERO registration: CRD42018089076.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）是一种神经退行性疾病，是最常见的痴呆类型之一，在老年人中，其发病率每5岁就会翻一番。
确定AD与嗅觉改变之间的相关性，识别受影响最严重的领域，并探索嗅觉测试在辅助早期诊断方面的效用。
使用“嗅觉或气味或嗅觉与阿尔茨海默病”等术语在数据库中搜索与该主题相关的文章。根据嗅觉测试的分析方法，将所选研究分别进行分类和评估：气味识别、辨别和识别，并进行荟萃分析。
选择了51篇文章进行分析。大多数研究的效应量很大，各分类个性化嗅觉分析的汇总值也是如此。
在嗅觉领域中，除记忆外，识别能力在AD中似乎改变最大。应探索将专门评估气味识别的测试作为早期诊断评估项目纳入其中的可能性。PROSPERO注册编号：CRD42018089076。
