Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Ministry of Education, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Key Laboratory for Environmental and Urban Sciences, School of Urban Planning & Design, Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, China.
Key Laboratory for Environmental and Urban Sciences, School of Urban Planning & Design, Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2018 Dec 10;644:781-790. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.292. Epub 2018 Jul 11.
The rapid process of urbanization, accompanied by the sharp increase of urban population and expansion of artificial surface, has resulted in the loss of natural ecosystems and the degradation of ecosystem services. Identifying and protecting key places that have high importance for ecological sustainability are great challenges. Ecological security patterns are such an integrated approach to protecting regional ecological sustainability. In this study, taking Yunnan Province, China as a case study area, ecological sources were identified through ecosystem services, and circuit theory was used to model ecosystem processes in heterogeneous landscapes via calculating the 'resistance' or 'current', and thus to identify ecological corridors and key ecological nodes. The results showed that, ecological security patterns included 66 ecological sources, 186 ecological corridors, 24 pinch-points and 10 barriers. In details, the ecological sources were mainly distributed in the southwest and northwest of Yunnan Province, with the ecological corridors locating along the high mountains, and both ecological sources and corridors were mostly covered with forest land. Pinch-points covered by forest land and cultivated land, were distributed in the middle of Yunnan Province along the rivers. Approximately 75.9% nature reserves were located in the identified ecological sources, and the remainings were mainly distributed in eastern Yunnan Province with small area, showing the effectiveness in identifying ecological security patterns. Among 81 projects of low-slope hill development carried out in Yunnan Province, 46.9% showed potential human stress on regional ecological security. Based on ecosystem services and circuit theory, this study provides a new approach to identifying the spatial range of ecological corridors and the specific location of key nodes for effective ecological conservation and restoration.
快速的城市化进程，伴随着城市人口的急剧增长和人工表面的扩张，导致了自然生态系统的丧失和生态系统服务的退化。确定和保护对生态可持续性具有重要意义的关键地点是巨大的挑战。生态安全格局就是这样一种保护区域生态可持续性的综合方法。本研究以中国云南省为例，通过生态系统服务识别生态源，利用电路理论在非均质景观中模拟生态过程，通过计算“阻力”或“电流”，从而识别生态廊道和关键生态节点。结果表明，生态安全格局包括 66 个生态源、186 条生态廊道、24 个瓶颈和 10 个障碍。具体而言，生态源主要分布在云南省的西南部和西北部，生态廊道沿高山分布，生态源和廊道主要覆盖林地。分布在云南省中部沿河流的林地和耕地覆盖的瓶颈。约 75.9%的自然保护区位于确定的生态源中，其余主要分布在云南省东部，面积较小，表明在识别生态安全格局方面具有有效性。在云南省开展的 81 个低坡度山地开发项目中，有 46.9%的项目对区域生态安全存在潜在的人为压力。本研究基于生态系统服务和电路理论，为识别生态廊道的空间范围和关键节点的具体位置提供了一种新方法，有助于进行有效的生态保护和恢复。
