Ali Iftikhar, Ijaz Muhammad, Rehman Inayat U, Rahim Afaq, Ata Humera
Department of Pharmacy, University of Swabi, Swabi, Pakistan.
Department of Pharmacy Services, Northwest General Hospital and Research Center, Peshawar, Pakistan.
Front Public Health. 2018 Jun 27;6:173. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2018.00173. eCollection 2018.
This study intends to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and awareness of medical doctors toward influenza vaccination and the reasons for not getting vaccinated. A cross-sectional study was carried out among medical doctors in three major tertiary care health settings in Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan. A web-based, pre-tested questionnaire was used for data collection. A total of ( = 300) medical doctors were invited, however only ( = 215) participated in the study with a response rate of 71.7%. Among the participants, 95.3% ( = 205) were males with a mean age of 28.67 ± 3.89 years. By designation, 121(56.3%) were trainee medical officers and 40 (18.6%) were house officers. The majority 102(47.4%) had a job experience of 1-2 years. Of the total sample, 38 (17.7%) doctors reported having received some kind of vaccination, whereas only 19 (8.84%) were vaccinated against influenza. The results identified that the major barriers toward influenza vaccinations included (1) Unfamiliarity with Influenza vaccination availability (Relative Importance Index RII = 0.830), (2) Unavailability of Influenza vaccines due to lack of proper storage area in the institution (RII = 0.634), (3) Cost of vaccine (RII = 0.608), and (4) insufficient staff to administer vaccine (RII = 0.589). Additionally, 156 (72.6%) of doctors were not aware of the influenza immunization recommendation and guidelines published by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) and Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Physicians obtained a high score (8.27 ± 1.61) of knowledge and understanding regarding influenza and its vaccination followed by medical officers (8.06 ± 1.37). Linear Regression analysis revealed that gender was significantly associated with the knowledge score with males having a higher score (8.0± 1.39) than females (6.80 ± 1.61 β = -1.254 and CI [-2.152 to -0.355], = 0.006). A very low proportion of doctors were vaccinated against influenza, despite the published guidelines and recommendations. Strategies that address multiple aspects like increasing awareness and the importance of the influenza vaccine, the international recommendations and enhancing access and availability of the vaccine are needed to improve its coverage and health outcomes.
本研究旨在评估医生对流感疫苗接种的知识、态度和认知以及未接种疫苗的原因。在巴基斯坦开伯尔-普赫图赫瓦省白沙瓦市的三个主要三级医疗保健机构对医生进行了一项横断面研究。使用基于网络的、经过预测试的问卷进行数据收集。共邀请了300名医生，然而只有215名参与了研究，回复率为71.7%。在参与者中，95.3%（205名）为男性，平均年龄为28.67±3.89岁。按职称划分，121名（56.3%）为实习医务人员，40名（18.6%）为住院医生。大多数102名（47.4%）有1至2年的工作经验。在总样本中，38名（17.7%）医生报告曾接种过某种疫苗，而只有19名（8.84%）接种过流感疫苗。结果表明，流感疫苗接种的主要障碍包括：（1）不熟悉流感疫苗的可获得性（相对重要性指数RII = 0.830）；（2）由于机构缺乏合适的储存区域，流感疫苗无法获得（RII = 0.634）；（3）疫苗成本（RII = 0.608）；（4）接种疫苗的工作人员不足（RII = 0.589）。此外，156名（72.6%）医生不知道免疫实践咨询委员会（ACIP）和疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）发布的流感免疫建议和指南。医生在流感及其疫苗接种方面的知识和理解得分较高（8.27±1.61），其次是医务人员（8.06±1.37）。线性回归分析显示，性别与知识得分显著相关，男性得分（8.0±1.39）高于女性（6.80±1.61，β = -1.254，CI [-2.152至-0.355]，P = 0.006）。尽管有已发布的指南和建议，但接种流感疫苗的医生比例非常低。需要采取多方面的策略，如提高对流感疫苗的认识和重要性、国际建议以及增加疫苗的可及性和可得性，以提高其覆盖率和健康效益。
