Department of Social, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Universidad de Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain.
Department of Business Management, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, 14004 Córdoba, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018 Jul 12;15(7):1474. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15071474.
: The aim was to examine the mediating role of basic psychological needs and job satisfaction in the relationship between the gender effect on health problems and psychological well-being for health professionals in Europe in 2015. : Two multiple partial mediation analyses were conducted in order to test the partial mediation of both basic needs and job satisfaction, with gender as the independent variable and health problems or well-being, respectively, as the dependent variables, with a sample of health professionals. : Women reported lower psychological well-being and more health problems than men. The total effect of gender on both well-being and health problems was found to be significant. Regarding multiple mediation analyses: (a) the effect of gender on well-being was fully mediated by global basic need satisfaction and job satisfaction, such that gender did not present a significant direct effect and (b) the effect of gender on health problems was partially mediated by global basic need satisfaction and job satisfaction, such that the direct effect remained significant. : The fulfillment of basic needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness, as postulated within self-determination theory, was hypothesized to play a mediating role in the relationship between gender and well-being. Since significant gender differences in basic need satisfaction were observed, such a mediator should be controlled in order to achieve a significant relationship between gender and well-being when basic needs comes into play. The current study adds to the research emphasizing the need for satisfaction as a promising mechanism underlying for female health professionals' well-being.
: 目的是检验基本心理需求和工作满意度在 2015 年欧洲卫生专业人员健康问题和心理健康中性别效应与两者关系的中介作用。: 为了检验基本需求和工作满意度的部分中介作用，采用多元部分中介分析，以性别为自变量，健康问题或幸福感分别为因变量，对卫生专业人员样本进行分析。: 女性报告的心理健康水平低于男性，健康问题多于男性。性别对幸福感和健康问题的总效应具有统计学意义。关于多元中介分析：(a) 性别对幸福感的影响完全被全球基本需求满足感和工作满意度所中介，因此性别没有显著的直接效应；(b) 性别对健康问题的影响部分被全球基本需求满足感和工作满意度所中介，因此直接效应仍然显著。: 自主、能力和关联性等基本需求的满足被假设在性别与幸福感之间的关系中起着中介作用，这是自我决定理论所提出的。由于观察到基本需求满足感在性别方面存在显著差异，因此在基本需求发挥作用时，应该控制这种中介因素，以实现性别与幸福感之间的显著关系。本研究增加了强调满足感作为女性卫生专业人员幸福感的潜在机制的研究。
