Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Eur Eat Disord Rev. 2018 Sep;26(5):526-532. doi: 10.1002/erv.2622. Epub 2018 Jul 12.
Obesity is partly driven by unhealthy food choices underpinned by cognitive biases, including approach bias (a tendency to move towards food cues) and delay discounting (a preference for immediate rewards). Cognitive training strategies aimed at modifying these biases, namely, approach-avoidance training (AAT) and episodic future thinking (EFT), may improve food choice. This pilot randomised trial examined the effect of these two trainings, delivered daily for 1 week via smartphone apps, on approach bias for healthy/unhealthy foods, delay discounting for money/food, and hypothetical food choice. Sixty overweight/obese participants (18-45 years) were randomly allocated to AAT, EFT, or control. Outcomes were measured at pretraining, posttraining, and 6-week follow-up. AAT reduced approach bias for unhealthy food and increased healthy food choice. However, EFT did not affect delay discounting or food choice. We conclude that AAT is useful for improving food choice in obesity and that smartphones are a feasible, engaging way to deliver training.
肥胖部分是由认知偏差导致的不健康食物选择所驱动的，包括接近偏差（倾向于接近食物线索）和延迟折扣（更倾向于即时奖励）。旨在改变这些偏差的认知训练策略，即回避训练（AAT）和情景性未来思维（EFT），可能会改善食物选择。这项先导随机试验研究了通过智能手机应用程序每天进行为期 1 周的这两种训练对健康/不健康食物的接近偏差、金钱/食物的延迟折扣以及假设性食物选择的影响。60 名超重/肥胖参与者（18-45 岁）被随机分配到 AAT、EFT 或对照组。在训练前、训练后和 6 周随访时测量结果。AAT 减少了对不健康食物的接近偏差，并增加了对健康食物的选择。然而，EFT 并没有影响延迟折扣或食物选择。我们得出结论，AAT 有助于改善肥胖者的食物选择，而智能手机是一种可行且吸引人的训练方式。
