1 University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
2 The Menninger Clinic, Houston, TX, USA.
Assessment. 2019 Sep;26(6):1014-1029. doi: 10.1177/1073191118786587. Epub 2018 Jul 13.
() Section II criteria for borderline personality disorder (BPD) lack developmental operationalization. The aim of the current study was to evaluate whether criteria operate similarly across adolescents and adults to determine if developmental adjustment for criteria was needed. Three age cohorts were recruited: adolescents (ages 12-17 years; = 484), young adults (ages 18-25 years; = 442), and adults (ages ≥26 years; = 953). The Child Interview for BPD and the Structured Clinical Interview for Axis II disorders were administered to adolescents and adults, respectively. Item response theory methods were used to evaluate differential item (or criterion) functioning (DIF) of BPD criteria across adolescents and adults. Qualitative analyses were then used to evaluate the potential sources of DIF. Item response theory results demonstrated DIF across adolescents and adults for all BPD criteria. Qualitative analyses suggested that the source of DIF was most likely due to rater/interviewer bias. Results furthermore suggested that behavioral criteria may represent the heterotypic features of BPD, while intra- and interpersonal criteria represent the homotypic features of the disorder. The article concludes with recommendations for developmentally informed guidelines for the assessment of BPD.
（）第二节边缘型人格障碍（BPD）的标准缺乏发展操作性。本研究的目的是评估标准在青少年和成年人中的运作是否相似，以确定是否需要对标准进行发展调整。招募了三个年龄组：青少年（12-17 岁；=484）、年轻人（18-25 岁；=442）和成年人（≥26 岁；=953）。儿童 BPD 访谈和成人 BPD 轴 II 障碍结构临床访谈分别用于青少年和成年人。项目反应理论方法用于评估 BPD 标准在青少年和成年人中的差异项目（或标准）功能（DIF）。然后使用定性分析来评估 DIF 的潜在来源。项目反应理论结果表明，所有 BPD 标准在青少年和成年人中都存在 DIF。定性分析表明，DIF 的来源很可能是由于评估者/访谈者的偏见。研究结果进一步表明，行为标准可能代表 BPD 的异型特征，而内在和人际标准代表该疾病的同型特征。文章最后提出了针对 BPD 评估的发展性指导建议。
