Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), CNRS, Inserm, iBV, Institut de Biologie Valrose, 06108 Nice, France.
Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), CNRS, Inserm, iBV, Institut de Biologie Valrose, 06108 Nice, France.
Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2018 Dec;53:96-102. doi: 10.1016/j.conb.2018.06.007. Epub 2018 Jul 10.
The subdivision of the mammalian neocortex into specialized modality-specific areas is responsible for the processing of sensory information followed by an adequate motor response. This process, called arealization, depends on the graded expression of transcription factors in neocortical progenitors and postmitotic neurons prenatally, and on external activity-dependent cues driven by thalamocortical axons during postnatal stages. Thalamic inputs are guided within an intrinsically determined genetic framework to selectively target and innervate layer 4 (L4) cortical neurons in a somatotopic manner. L4 spiny stellate neurons are excitatory locally projecting neurons, which undergo a drastic dendrite remodeling during the first postnatal week and represent the principal sensory gateway to the neocortex. In this review, we will discuss the way intrinsic cortical gene regulation and extrinsic activity-dependent inputs instruct the cellular reorganization of L4 spiny stellate neurons, necessary for proper formation of the barrel cortex during the development of primary somatosensory maps.
哺乳动物新皮层细分为特定感觉模态的专门区域，负责处理感觉信息，然后做出适当的运动反应。这个过程称为区域化，依赖于皮质祖细胞和有丝分裂后神经元中转录因子的分级表达，以及出生后阶段由丘脑皮质轴突驱动的外部活动依赖性线索。丘脑输入在内在确定的遗传框架内被引导，以选择性地靶向和支配以躯体定位方式的第 4 层 (L4) 皮质神经元。L4 棘状星形神经元是兴奋性局部投射神经元，在出生后第一周经历剧烈的树突重塑，是新皮层的主要感觉门。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论内在皮质基因调控和外在活动依赖性输入如何指导 L4 棘状星形神经元的细胞重组，这对于在初级体感图谱发育过程中正确形成桶状皮层是必要的。
