French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), Nancy Laboratory for Rabies and Wildlife, European Union Reference Laboratory for Rabies, European Union Reference Laboratory for Rabies Serology, OIE Reference Laboratory for Rabies, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Management in Zoonoses Control, Technopôle agricole et vétérinaire de Pixérécourt, CS 40009, 54220, Malzéville, France.
Conseils en Pharmacie et Biologie, 2 place des Quatre Vierges, 69110, Sainte Foy les Lyon, France.
Vet Res. 2018 Jul 13;49(1):61. doi: 10.1186/s13567-018-0554-6.
The mass vaccination of dogs is a proven tool for rabies prevention. Besides parenteral delivery of inactivated vaccines, over the past several decades, several self-replicating biologics, including modified-live, attenuated and recombinant viruses, have been evaluated for the oral vaccination of dogs against rabies. Vaccines are included within an attractive bait for oral consumption by free-ranging dogs. Due to the high affinity between dogs and humans, such biologics intended for oral vaccination of dogs (OVD) need to be efficacious as well as safe. Baits should be preferentially attractive to dogs and not to non-target species. Although many different types have been evaluated successfully, no universal bait has been identified to date. Moreover, high bait acceptance does not necessarily mean that vaccine efficacy and programmatic success is predictable. The use of OVD in the laboratory and field has demonstrated the safety and utility of this technology. Within a One Health context, OVD should be considered as part of a holistic plan for the global elimination of canine rabies.
犬只大规模接种疫苗是预防狂犬病的有效手段。除了通过注射方式接种灭活疫苗外，在过去几十年中，多种自我复制的生物制剂，包括减毒活疫苗和重组病毒，已被评估用于犬只的狂犬病口服免疫接种。疫苗被包含在有吸引力的诱饵中，供自由放养的犬只口服。由于狗和人类之间的亲和力很高，因此用于犬只口服免疫接种的此类生物制剂（OVD）不仅需要有效，而且需要安全。诱饵应优先对狗有吸引力，而对非目标物种没有吸引力。尽管已经成功评估了许多不同类型的诱饵，但迄今为止尚未确定通用的诱饵。此外，高接受率并不一定意味着可以预测疫苗的有效性和计划的成功。在实验室和现场使用 OVD 已证明了该技术的安全性和实用性。在“同一健康”的背景下，应将 OVD 视为全球消除犬狂犬病的整体计划的一部分。
