Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstr. 108, D-01307 Dresden, Germany.
Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstr. 108, D-01307 Dresden, Germany.
Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2018 Dec;55:8-16. doi: 10.1016/j.ceb.2018.06.006. Epub 2018 Jul 10.
Since their recent development, organoids that emulate human brain tissue have allowed in vitro neural development studies to go beyond the limits of monolayer culture systems, such as neural rosettes. We present here a review of organoid studies that focuses on cortical wall development, starting with a technical comparison between pre-patterning and self-patterning brain organoid protocols. We then follow neocortex development in space and time and list those aspects where organoids have succeeded in emulating in vivo development, as well as those aspects that continue to be pending tasks. Finally, we present a summary of medical and evolutionary insight made possible by organoid technology.
自最近发展以来，模拟人脑组织的类器官已使体外神经发育研究超越了单层培养系统（如神经玫瑰花结）的限制。我们在此回顾了类器官研究，重点介绍了皮层壁发育，首先对预模式化和自模式化脑类器官方案进行了技术比较。然后，我们按照空间和时间顺序跟踪新皮层的发育，并列出了类器官在模拟体内发育方面取得成功的方面，以及仍有待解决的方面。最后，我们总结了类器官技术带来的医学和进化方面的见解。
