Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy and Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
Psychother Psychosom. 2018;87(5):276-284. doi: 10.1159/000490574. Epub 2018 Jul 13.
Recent years have seen major developments in psychotherapy research that suggest the need to address critical methodological issues. These recommendations, developed by an international group of researchers, do not replace those for randomized controlled trials, but rather supplement strategies that need to be taken into account when considering psychological treatments. The limitations of traditional taxonomy and assessment methods are outlined, with suggestions for consideration of staging methods. Active psychotherapy control groups are recommended, and adaptive and dismantling study designs offer important opportunities. The treatments that are used, and particularly their specific ingredients, need to be described in detail for both the experimental and the control groups. Assessment should be performed blind before and after treatment and at long-term follow-up. A combination of observer- and self-rated measures is recommended. Side effects of psychotherapy should be evaluated using appropriate methods. Finally, the number of participants who deteriorate after treatment should be noted according to the methods that were used to define response or remission.
近年来，心理治疗研究取得了重大进展，这表明需要解决关键的方法学问题。这些建议由一组国际研究人员制定，并非取代随机对照试验的建议，而是在考虑心理治疗时需要考虑的策略的补充。本文概述了传统分类法和评估方法的局限性，并提出了考虑分期方法的建议。推荐使用积极的心理治疗对照组，适应性和分解研究设计提供了重要的机会。需要详细描述实验组和对照组所使用的治疗方法，特别是其具体成分。治疗前后和长期随访时应进行盲法评估。建议联合使用观察者和自我评估测量。应使用适当的方法评估心理治疗的副作用。最后，根据定义反应或缓解的方法，记录治疗后恶化的参与者人数。
