Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (Fraunhofer IME), Department Environmental Specimen Bank and Elemental Analysis, 57392, Schmallenberg, Germany.
Eurofins GfA Lab Service GmbH, Neulaender Kamp 1a, 21079, Hamburg, Germany.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2018 Sep;25(27):26939-26956. doi: 10.1007/s11356-018-2728-1. Epub 2018 Jul 14.
Descriptor 9 (D9) of the European Union Marine Strategy Framework Directive refers to the compliance of contaminant levels in fish and other seafood of a defined marine region or subregion with human health threshold values. This requires georeferenced samples that are often difficult to obtain when relying on commercial fisheries or programs designed for monitoring human exposure. The present study examines whether georeferenced samples of blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) and eelpout (Zoarces viviparus) fillet of the German environmental specimen bank (ESB) can be used in this context. The suitability of the ESB samples, procedures, and analytical methods is evaluated with respect to D9 requirements. Based on ESB data for the D9 relevant contaminants Pb, Cd, Hg, ∑4 PAHs, PCDD/Fs, dioxin-like (dl)-PCBs, and indicator non-dl-PCBs and the potentially relevant substances TBT, PFOS, PBDE, and HBCDD, the Good Environmental Status for D9 is assessed at the ESB sites in the North and Baltic Seas. The overall evaluation indicates that ESB samples are suitable for D9 assessment with the limitation that only coastal areas of the North and Baltic Seas are covered. Over a period of up to 30 years, concentrations of the D9 relevant contaminants were well below the maximum levels allowed for human consumption.
欧盟海洋战略框架指令的描述符 9（D9）是指特定海洋区域或亚区域的鱼类和其他海鲜中的污染物水平是否符合人类健康阈值。这需要进行地理参考采样，但在依赖商业渔业或设计用于监测人类暴露的计划时，往往难以获得这些采样。本研究探讨了德国环境标本库（ESB）的地理参考贻贝（Mytilus edulis）和欧拟鲈（Zoarces viviparus）鱼片样本是否可用于这种情况。根据 D9 要求，评估了 ESB 样本、程序和分析方法的适用性。基于 ESB 数据中与 D9 相关的污染物 Pb、Cd、Hg、∑4 PAHs、PCDD/Fs、二恶英类（dl）-PCBs 和指示非 dl-PCBs 以及潜在相关物质 TBT、PFOS、PBDE 和 HBCDD，评估了 ESB 站点在北海和波罗的海的 D9 良好环境状况。总体评估表明，ESB 样本适合用于 D9 评估，但限制条件是仅涵盖北海和波罗的海的沿海地区。在长达 30 年的时间内，D9 相关污染物的浓度远低于允许人类食用的最高水平。
