Brace Andrea M, De Andrade Fernanda Cd, Finkelstein Bobbi
1 Department of Health Science, Towson University, USA.
2 Department of Psychology, Towson University, USA.
Nutr Health. 2018 Sep;24(3):171-181. doi: 10.1177/0260106018785528. Epub 2018 Jul 17.
: Nutrition interventions are used to increase knowledge, change attitudes and beliefs about healthy eating, to increase skills, and promote healthy eating.
: To review the effectiveness of published nutrition interventions implemented among college students to promote healthy behaviors.
: The authors explored multiple electronic databases, such as ERIC, Science Direct, and EBSCOhost. Search criteria included nutritional interventions implemented among students attending US colleges, written in English, and published in peer-reviewed journals between 2000 and 2015. The authors conducted a systematic search of 1413 articles, and an in-depth review of 30 articles. The authors evaluated the following: (a) participants; (b) research design; (c) assessment instruments; (d) outcome measures; (e) results; and (f) methodological issues.
: Short-term interventions showed promise in promoting positive dietary changes, which can serve as a protective factor for developing overweight and obesity. Methodological issues related to lack of comparison groups and minimal long-term follow-up do not allow researchers to determine if the interventions were the cause of the change, or if these changes are sustained over time. Studies that have a comparison group, use visual displays, or have longer durations, may maximize outcomes, improving long-term effects.
: Nutrition interventions can effectively change dietary habits among college students. This can lead to healthy weight management and reduce the risk for overweight and obesity. Future research should consider the highlighted methodological issues to improve the quality of nutrition interventions.
营养干预旨在增加知识、改变对健康饮食的态度和观念、提高技能并促进健康饮食。
综述已发表的针对大学生实施的营养干预措施在促进健康行为方面的有效性。
作者检索了多个电子数据库，如教育资源信息中心（ERIC）、科学Direct和EBSCOhost。检索标准包括在美国高校学生中实施的营养干预措施、英文撰写且发表于2000年至2015年间同行评审期刊的文献。作者对1413篇文章进行了系统检索，并对30篇文章进行了深入综述。作者评估了以下方面：（a）参与者；（b）研究设计；（c）评估工具；（d）结果指标；（e）结果；以及（f）方法学问题。
短期干预在促进积极的饮食变化方面显示出前景，这可作为预防超重和肥胖的保护因素。与缺乏对照组和长期随访极少相关的方法学问题，使得研究人员无法确定干预措施是否是变化的原因，以及这些变化是否能长期持续。有对照组、使用视觉展示或持续时间更长的研究，可能会使结果最大化，改善长期效果。
营养干预可有效改变大学生的饮食习惯。这有助于健康体重管理并降低超重和肥胖风险。未来研究应考虑所强调的方法学问题，以提高营养干预的质量。
