横断面分析马来西亚老年人纵向研究中 55 岁及以上城市居民跌倒发生率的种族差异。
Cross-sectional analysis of ethnic differences in fall prevalence in urban dwellers aged 55 years and over in the Malaysian Elders Longitudinal Research study.
机构信息
Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Ageing and Age-Associated Disorders Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
出版信息
BMJ Open. 2018 Jul 17;8(7):e019579. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019579.
OBJECTIVES
Falls represent major health issues within the older population. In low/middle-income Asian countries, falls in older adults remain an area which has yet to be studied in detail. Using data from the Malaysian Elders Longitudinal Research (MELoR), we have estimated the prevalence of falls among older persons in an urban population, and performed ethnic comparisons in the prevalence of falls.
DESIGN
Cross-sectional analysis was carried out using the first wave data from MELoR which is a longitudinal study.
SETTING
Urban community dwellers in a middle-income South East Asian country.
PARTICIPANTS
1565 participants aged ≥55 years were selected by simple random sampling from the electoral rolls of three parliamentary constituencies.
OUTCOME MEASURES
Consenting participants from the MELoR study were asked the question 'Have you fallen down in the past 12 months?' during their computer-assisted home-based interviews. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to compare the prevalence of falls among various ethnic groups.
RESULTS
The overall estimated prevalence of falls for individuals aged 55 years and over adjusted to the population of Kuala Lumpur was 18.9%. The estimated prevalence of falls for the three ethnic populations of Malays, Chinese and Indian aged 55 years and over was 16.2%, 19.4% and 23.8%, respectively. Following adjustment for ethnic discrepancies in age, gender, marital status and education attainment, the Indian ethnicity remained an independent predictor of falls in our population (relative risk=1.45, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.85).
CONCLUSION
The prevalence of falls in this study is comparable to other previous Asian studies, but appears lower than Western studies. The predisposition of the Indian ethnic group to falls has not been previously reported. Further studies may be needed to elucidate the causes for the ethnic differences in fall prevalence.
目的
跌倒在老年人群体中是一个重大的健康问题。在中低收入的亚洲国家，老年人跌倒的问题仍未得到深入研究。本研究利用来自马来西亚老年人纵向研究（MELoR）的数据，估计了城市老年人群体的跌倒发生率，并对不同种族的跌倒发生率进行了比较。
设计
本研究采用 MELoR 的第一波数据进行横断面分析，该研究是一项纵向研究。
地点
中低收入的东南亚国家城市社区居民。
参与者
从三个选区的选民名单中通过简单随机抽样选择了 1565 名年龄≥55 岁的参与者参加 MELoR 研究。
结局指标
MELoR 研究中的同意参与者在他们的家庭计算机辅助访谈中被问到“在过去 12 个月中，您是否跌倒过？”。进行逻辑回归分析以比较不同种族群体的跌倒发生率。
结果
调整到吉隆坡人口后，55 岁及以上人群的总体跌倒发生率估计为 18.9%。55 岁及以上的马来族、华族和印度族人群的跌倒发生率估计分别为 16.2%、19.4%和 23.8%。在调整年龄、性别、婚姻状况和教育程度的种族差异后，印度族仍然是我们人群中跌倒的独立预测因素（相对风险=1.45，95%CI 1.08 至 1.85）。
结论
本研究中的跌倒发生率与其他亚洲研究相似，但似乎低于西方研究。印度族群体易跌倒的倾向以前没有报道过。可能需要进一步的研究来阐明导致跌倒发生率种族差异的原因。
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