Mirza Fadi G, Abdul-Kadir Rezan, Breymann Christian, Fraser Ian S, Taher Ali
a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine , American University of Beirut , Beirut , Lebanon.
b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University , New York , NY , USA.
Expert Rev Hematol. 2018 Sep;11(9):727-736. doi: 10.1080/17474086.2018.1502081. Epub 2018 Aug 1.
Iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia are highly prevalent among women throughout their lives. Some females are particularly vulnerable to iron deficiency/iron deficiency anemia, including those with heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) and pregnant/postpartum women. Despite the high prevalence of iron deficiency/iron deficiency anemia in women, the condition is still underdiagnosed and therefore undertreated, with serious clinical consequences. Areas covered: The following review examines the impact of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia on clinical outcomes and quality of life in women from adolescence to post-menopause, paying particular attention to guidelines and current recommendations for diagnostic tests and management. Expert commentary: There are numerous adverse health consequences of an iron-deficient state, affecting all aspects of the physical and emotional health and well-being of women. Guidelines must be developed to help clinicians better identify and treat women at risk of iron deficiency or iron deficiency anemia, particularly those with HMB, or who are pregnant or postpartum. Replacement therapy with oral or intravenous iron preparations is the mainstay of treatment for iron deficiency/iron deficiency anemia, with red blood cell transfusion reserved for emergency situations. Each iron therapy type is associated with benefits and limitations which impact their use.
缺铁和缺铁性贫血在女性一生中都极为普遍。一些女性尤其易患缺铁/缺铁性贫血，包括月经过多（HMB）的女性以及孕妇/产后女性。尽管女性中铁缺乏/缺铁性贫血的患病率很高，但该病症仍诊断不足，因此治疗不足，会产生严重的临床后果。涵盖领域：以下综述探讨了缺铁和缺铁性贫血对从青春期到绝经后女性临床结局和生活质量的影响，尤其关注诊断测试和管理的指南及当前建议。专家评论：缺铁状态会带来众多不良健康后果，影响女性身体和情感健康及幸福的各个方面。必须制定指南，以帮助临床医生更好地识别和治疗有缺铁或缺铁性贫血风险的女性，特别是那些患有月经过多的女性，或孕妇或产后女性。口服或静脉注射铁制剂的替代疗法是缺铁/缺铁性贫血治疗的主要手段，红细胞输血则留作紧急情况使用。每种铁疗法都有其利弊，这会影响其使用。
