Division of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Division of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Agronomy, Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Phytochemistry. 2018 Oct;154:94-105. doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.07.002. Epub 2018 Jul 17.
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), the self-defence products of organisms, are extensively distributed in plants. They can be classified into several groups, including thionins, defensins, snakins, lipid transfer proteins, glycine-rich proteins, cyclotides and hevein-type proteins. AMPs can be extracted and isolated from different plants and plant organs such as stems, roots, seeds, flowers and leaves. They perform various physiological defensive mechanisms to eliminate viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites, and so could be used as therapeutic and preservative agents. Research on AMPs has sought to obtain more detailed and reliable information regarding the selection of suitable plant sources and the use of appropriate isolation and purification techniques, as well as examining the mode of action of these peptides. Well-established AMP purification techniques currently used include salt precipitation methods, absorption-desorption, a combination of ion-exchange and reversed-phase C18 solid phase extraction, reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), and the sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) method. Beyond these traditional methods, this review aims to highlight new and different approaches to the selection, characterisation, isolation, purification, mode of action and bioactivity assessment of a range of AMPs collected from plant sources. The information gathered will be helpful in the search for novel AMPs distributed in the plant kingdom, as well as providing future directions for the further investigation of AMPs for possible use on humans.
抗菌肽 (AMPs) 是生物体的自我防御产物，广泛存在于植物中。它们可以分为几个组，包括硫素、防御素、蛇毒素、脂质转移蛋白、富含甘氨酸的蛋白质、环肽和蓖麻素型蛋白。AMP 可以从不同的植物和植物器官中提取和分离，如茎、根、种子、花和叶。它们执行各种生理防御机制来消除病毒、细菌、真菌和寄生虫，因此可以用作治疗和防腐剂。对抗菌肽的研究旨在获得更详细和可靠的信息，包括选择合适的植物来源和使用适当的分离和纯化技术，以及研究这些肽的作用模式。目前使用的成熟的 AMP 纯化技术包括盐沉淀法、吸附-解吸法、离子交换和反相 C18 固相萃取的组合、反相高效液相色谱 (RP-HPLC) 和十二烷基硫酸钠聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳 (SDS-PAGE) 法。除了这些传统方法，本综述旨在强调从植物来源中选择、表征、分离、纯化、作用模式和生物活性评估各种 AMP 的新的和不同的方法。收集到的信息将有助于寻找分布在植物界的新型 AMP，为进一步研究 AMP 可能在人类中的应用提供未来方向。
