Roth G A, Jorgensen V H, Bornstein M B
J Neurol Sci. 1985 Dec;71(2-3):339-50. doi: 10.1016/0022-510x(85)90072-3.
The effect of insulin, proinsulin and crude pancreatic extract was studied in organotypic nerve tissue cultures, principally in relation to the development of myelin. Cultures were exposed to media supplemented with these substances beginning on the first day of explantation. By 4 days in vitro, there was a good neuritic outgrowth from all the fragments. That from the insulin and pancreatic extract-fed were more profuse and extended further than from the control group. By 8-12 days in vitro it was also possible to observe more myelinated axons in these treated groups. The pattern of changes in the myelin associated enzyme activity, 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphohydrolase (CNPase) paralleled the differential increase in myelination. Insulin-fed cultures showed a more rapid increase in CNPase activity, which, after 21 days in vitro reached a plateau about 30-50% over that of the controls. Cultures treated with pancreatic extract showed a similar pattern of increased activity, while in proinsulin-treated explants the activity was only significantly higher after 21 days in vitro. To study the effect of these substances on remyelination, well myelinated cultures were completely demyelinated by exposure to anti-white matter antiserum and were subsequently exposed to the same normal control or supplemented media. The amount of myelin and concomitantly the CNPase activity increased rapidly and in the same proportion between the various groups as was observed previously during primary myelination. Insulin as well as crude pancreatic extract and, to some extent, proinsulin demonstrated a marked effect on the time of onset and principally on the total amount of myelin developed by treated cultures as compared to those maintained in normal nutrient medium.
在器官型神经组织培养中研究了胰岛素、胰岛素原和粗制胰腺提取物的作用，主要是关于髓鞘形成的关系。从外植体培养的第一天开始，将培养物暴露于添加这些物质的培养基中。在体外培养4天时，所有碎片都有良好的神经突生长。来自胰岛素和胰腺提取物喂养组的神经突生长更丰富，比对照组延伸得更远。在体外培养8 - 12天时，在这些处理组中也可以观察到更多有髓鞘的轴突。髓鞘相关酶活性的变化模式，即2',3'-环核苷酸3'-磷酸水解酶（CNPase）与髓鞘形成的差异增加平行。胰岛素喂养的培养物中CNPase活性增加更快，在体外培养21天后达到比对照组高约30 - 50%的平台期。用胰腺提取物处理的培养物显示出类似的活性增加模式，而在胰岛素原处理的外植体中，活性仅在体外培养21天后显著升高。为了研究这些物质对髓鞘再生的影响，将髓鞘良好的培养物通过暴露于抗白质抗血清完全脱髓鞘，随后暴露于相同的正常对照或添加培养基中。髓鞘的量以及相应的CNPase活性迅速增加，并且各组之间的比例与之前在原发性髓鞘形成过程中观察到的相同。与在正常营养培养基中培养的相比，胰岛素以及粗制胰腺提取物，以及在一定程度上胰岛素原，对处理培养物中髓鞘形成的起始时间和主要是髓鞘形成的总量显示出显著影响。
