《习惯在神经性厌食症中的作用：我们现在在哪里，以及从哪里出发？》
The Role of Habits in Anorexia Nervosa: Where We Are and Where to Go From Here?
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, Unit 98, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
出版信息
Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2018 Jul 23;20(8):61. doi: 10.1007/s11920-018-0928-5.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
The persistent maladaptive eating behavior characteristic of anorexia nervosa (AN) can be understood as a learned habit. This review describes the cognitive neuroscience background and the existing data from research in AN.
RECENT FINDINGS
Behavior is habitual after it is frequently repeated and becomes nearly automatic, relatively insensitive to outcome, and mediated by dorsal frontostriatal neural systems. There is evidence for such behavior in AN, in which restrictive intake has been related to dorsal frontostriatal systems. Other neural and neurocognitive data provide mixed findings, some of which suggest disturbances in habit systems in AN. There are compelling behavioral and neural data to suggest that habit systems may underlie the persistence of AN. The habit model needs further research, via more direct behavioral hypothesis testing and probes of the development of habitual behavior. Investigation of the habit-centered model of AN may open avenues for the development of novel treatments.
目的综述
神经性厌食症（AN）中持续适应不良的进食行为特征可以被理解为一种习得性习惯。这篇综述描述了认知神经科学背景以及 AN 研究中的现有数据。
最近的发现
行为在频繁重复后变得习惯，变得几乎自动，对结果的敏感性降低，并且由背侧额纹状体神经系统介导。在 AN 中存在这种行为的证据，其中限制摄入与背侧额纹状体系统有关。其他神经和神经认知数据提供了混合的结果，其中一些表明 AN 中习惯系统的紊乱。有强有力的行为和神经数据表明，习惯系统可能是 AN 持续存在的基础。习惯模型需要进一步研究，通过更直接的行为假设检验和习惯行为发展的探测。对 AN 的以习惯为中心的模型的研究可能为新的治疗方法的发展开辟途径。
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