Casini Arianna, Vaccaro Rosa, Toni Mattia, Cioni Carla
Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sciences.
Eur J Histochem. 2018 Jul 24;62(3):2932. doi: 10.4081/ejh.2018.2932.
Cholinergic systems play a role in basic cerebral functions and its dysfunction is associated with deficit in neurodegenerative disease. Mechanisms involved in human brain diseases, are often approached by using fish models, especially cyprinids, given basic similarities of the fish brain to that of mammals. In the present paper, the organization of central cholinergic systems have been described in the cyprinid Cyprinus carpio, the common carp, by using specific polyclonal antibodies against ChAT, the synthetic enzyme of acetylcholine, that is currently used as a specific marker for cholinergic neurons in all vertebrates. In this work, serial transverse sections of the brain and the spinal cord were immunostained for ChAT. Results showed that positive neurons are present in several nuclei of the forebrain, the midbrain, the hindbrain and the spinal cord. Moreover, ChAT-positive neurons were detected in the synencephalon and in the cerebellum. In addition to neuronal bodies, afferent varicose fibers were stained for ChAT in the ventral telencephalon, the preoptic area, the hypothalamus and the posterior tuberculum. No neuronal cell bodies were present in the telencephalon. The comparison of cholinergic distribution pattern in the Cyprinus carpio central nervous system has revealed similarities but also some interesting differences with other cyprinids. Our results provide additional information on the cholinergic system from a phylogenetic point of view and may add new perspectives to physiological roles of cholinergic system during evolution and the neuroanatomical basis of neurological diseases.
胆碱能系统在大脑基本功能中发挥作用，其功能障碍与神经退行性疾病的缺陷有关。鉴于鱼类大脑与哺乳动物大脑的基本相似性，人类脑部疾病所涉及的机制通常通过使用鱼类模型，尤其是鲤科鱼类来进行研究。在本文中，通过使用针对乙酰胆碱合成酶ChAT的特异性多克隆抗体，描述了鲤科鱼类鲤鱼中枢胆碱能系统的组织情况，ChAT目前被用作所有脊椎动物胆碱能神经元的特异性标记物。在这项工作中，对大脑和脊髓的连续横切片进行了ChAT免疫染色。结果显示，在前脑、中脑、后脑和脊髓的几个核中存在阳性神经元。此外，在联合脑和小脑中检测到ChAT阳性神经元。除了神经元体，在腹侧端脑、视前区、下丘脑和后结节中，传入的曲张纤维也被ChAT染色。端脑中不存在神经元细胞体。鲤鱼中枢神经系统中胆碱能分布模式的比较揭示了与其他鲤科鱼类的相似之处，但也存在一些有趣的差异。我们的结果从系统发育的角度提供了关于胆碱能系统的额外信息，并可能为胆碱能系统在进化过程中的生理作用以及神经疾病的神经解剖学基础增添新的视角。
