Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy.
Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy.
Scand J Immunol. 2018 Sep;88(3):e12705. doi: 10.1111/sji.12705. Epub 2018 Aug 19.
NK cells are innate lymphoid cells, which play a key role in the immune response to cancer and pathogens and participate in the shaping of adaptive immunity. NK cells engage in a complex bidirectional interaction with myelomonocytic cells. In particular, macrophages, dendritic cells and neutrophils promote differentiation and effector function of NK cells and, on the other hand, myelomonocytic cells express triggers of checkpoint blockade (eg PD-L1) and other immunosuppressive molecules, which negatively regulate NK cell function. In addition, NK cells express high levels of IL-1R8, which acts as a checkpoint for IL-18 driven differentiation and activation of NK cells. Evidence suggests that targeting the myeloid cell-NK cell crosstalk unleashes effective anti-tumour and anti-viral resistance.
自然杀伤 (NK) 细胞是先天淋巴细胞，在癌症和病原体的免疫反应中发挥关键作用，并参与适应性免疫的形成。NK 细胞与髓系细胞之间存在复杂的双向相互作用。具体而言，巨噬细胞、树突状细胞和中性粒细胞促进 NK 细胞的分化和效应功能，而另一方面，髓系细胞表达检查点阻断（例如 PD-L1）和其他免疫抑制分子，这些分子负调控 NK 细胞的功能。此外，NK 细胞表达高水平的白细胞介素-1受体 8（IL-1R8），它作为白细胞介素-18（IL-18）驱动的 NK 细胞分化和激活的检查点。有证据表明，针对髓样细胞-NK 细胞的串扰可释放有效的抗肿瘤和抗病毒抵抗。
