Buldt Andrew K, Menz Hylton B
1La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC 3086 Australia.
2Discipline of Podiatry, School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086 Australia.
J Foot Ankle Res. 2018 Jul 28;11:43. doi: 10.1186/s13047-018-0284-z. eCollection 2018.
Correct footwear fitting is acknowledged as being vitally important, as incorrectly fitted footwear has been linked to foot pathology. The aim of this narrative review was to determine the prevalence of incorrectly fitted footwear and to examine the association between incorrectly fitted footwear, foot pain and foot disorders.
A database search of Ovid MEDLINE and CINAHL yielded 1,681 citations for title and abstract review. Eighteen articles were included. Findings were summarised under the categories of (i) children, (ii) adults, (ii) older people, (iii) people with diabetes and (iii) occupation- or activity-specific footwear. Differences in footwear fitting between sexes were also explored.
Between 63 and 72% of participants were wearing shoes that did not accommodate either width or length dimensions of their feet. There was also evidence that incorrect footwear fitting was associated with foot pain and foot disorders such as lesser toe deformity, corns and calluses. Specific participant groups, such as children with Down syndrome and older people and people with diabetes were more likely to wear shoes that were too narrow (between 46 and 81%).
A large proportion of the population wear incorrectly sized footwear, which is associated with foot pain and foot disorders. Greater emphasis should be placed on both footwear fitting education and the provision of an appropriately large selection of shoes that can accommodate the variation in foot morphology among the population, particularly in relation to foot width.
正确的鞋类适配被认为至关重要，因为鞋类适配不当与足部病变有关。本叙述性综述的目的是确定鞋类适配不当的患病率，并研究鞋类适配不当、足部疼痛和足部疾病之间的关联。
对Ovid MEDLINE和CINAHL数据库进行检索，获得1681篇标题和摘要以供审查。纳入了18篇文章。研究结果总结在以下类别中：（i）儿童，（ii）成年人，（ii）老年人，（iii）糖尿病患者，以及（iii）特定职业或活动的鞋类。还探讨了男女在鞋类适配方面的差异。
63%至72%的参与者所穿鞋子在宽度或长度上都不合脚。也有证据表明，鞋类适配不当与足部疼痛和足部疾病有关，如小趾畸形、鸡眼和胼胝。特定的参与者群体，如下肢唐氏综合征儿童、老年人和糖尿病患者，更有可能穿太窄的鞋子（46%至81%）。
很大一部分人穿的鞋子尺码不合适，这与足部疼痛和足部疾病有关。应更加重视鞋类适配教育，并提供种类丰富的合适鞋子，以适应人群中足部形态的差异，尤其是足部宽度方面的差异。
