Brown Rebecca C, Straub Joana, Bohnacker Isabelle, Plener Paul L
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Front Psychol. 2018 Jul 20;9:1233. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01233. eCollection 2018.
Around one-third of adolescents in Germany report a lifetime history of suicide ideation. School staff (e.g., teachers or school social workers) can serve as gatekeepers to identify adolescents at risk and transfer them to appropriate mental health professionals. The aim of this study was to evaluate a gatekeeper training for school staff. A total of = 603 school social workers, school psychologists, and teachers participated in one of 33 1.5-day workshops. Knowledge, attitudes, confidence in skills, and perceived knowledge were assessed at pre and post workshops and at 6-month follow-up (FU). Behavioral changes were assessed via self-report at FU. Knowledge, perceived knowledge, and confidence in own skills concerning suicidality increased significantly from pre- to post-assessment and was still significantly increased at 6-month FU. Attitudes toward suicidal adolescents were neutral to positive before the workshop and remained un-changed at FU. Overall, participants were very satisfied with the workshop. Although participants stated to be motivated to make behavioral changes at 6-month FU, they reported obstacles such as lack of resources and support from school administration. This 1.5-day gatekeeper workshop was effective in enhancing knowledge and confidence in school staff regarding suicidality. Future workshops would benefit from ongoing supervision and inclusion of school administration in order to facilitate long-term changes on a behavioral level.
在德国，约三分之一的青少年报告有过自杀意念史。学校工作人员（如教师或学校社会工作者）可充当把关人，识别有风险的青少年并将他们转介给合适的心理健康专业人员。本研究的目的是评估针对学校工作人员的把关人培训。共有603名学校社会工作者、学校心理学家和教师参加了33个为期1.5天的工作坊中的一个。在工作坊前后以及6个月随访时评估知识、态度、技能信心和感知知识。在随访时通过自我报告评估行为变化。从评估前到评估后，关于自杀倾向的知识、感知知识和对自身技能的信心显著增加，在6个月随访时仍显著增加。工作坊前对有自杀倾向青少年的态度为中性到积极，随访时保持不变。总体而言，参与者对工作坊非常满意。尽管参与者表示在6个月随访时有动力做出行为改变，但他们报告了诸如缺乏资源和学校管理部门支持等障碍。这个为期1.5天的把关人工作坊在增强学校工作人员关于自杀倾向的知识和信心方面是有效的。未来的工作坊将受益于持续监督以及让学校管理部门参与进来，以便在行为层面促进长期改变。
