Krzyzaniak Yuko, Trouvelot Sophie, Negrel Jonathan, Cluzet Stéphanie, Valls Josep, Richard Tristan, Bougaud Ambrine, Jacquens Lucile, Klinguer Agnès, Chiltz Annick, Adrian Marielle, Héloir Marie-Claire
UMR 1347 Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.
Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, EA 4577, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, USC 1366, Unité de Recherche Œnologie, Villenave d'Ornon, France.
Front Plant Sci. 2018 Jul 25;9:1085. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01085. eCollection 2018.
Protecting vineyards from cryptogamic diseases such as downy mildew, caused by , generally requires a massive use of phytochemicals. However, the issues on unintentional secondary effects on environment and human health, and the occurrence of resistant strains, are leading to the development of alternative strategies, such as the use of biocontrol products. In this paper, we evidenced the ability of a plant extract to protect grapevine from . Further experiments carried out both on cell suspensions and on plants revealed that plant extract activates typical defense-related responses such as the production of HO, the up-regulation of genes encoding pathogenesis-related proteins and stilbene synthase, as well as the accumulation of resveratrol or its derivative piceid. We also brought to light a strong direct effect of PE on the release and motility of zoospores. Furthermore, we found out that PE application left dried residues on leaf surface, impairing zoospores to reach stomata. Altogether, our results highlight the different modes of action of a new biocontrol product able to protect grapevine against downy mildew.
保护葡萄园免受霜霉病等隐花植物病害的侵害，通常需要大量使用植物化学物质。然而，这些物质对环境和人类健康产生的意外副作用问题，以及抗性菌株的出现，正促使人们开发替代策略，如使用生物防治产品。在本文中，我们证明了一种植物提取物能够保护葡萄藤免受霜霉病侵害。在细胞悬浮液和植株上进行的进一步实验表明，该植物提取物能激活典型的防御相关反应，如过氧化氢的产生、编码病程相关蛋白和芪合酶的基因上调，以及白藜芦醇或其衍生物白藜芦醇苷的积累。我们还发现该植物提取物对霜霉菌游动孢子的释放和游动能力有很强的直接影响。此外，我们发现施用该植物提取物后，叶表面会留下干燥的残留物，从而阻碍游动孢子到达气孔。总之，我们的研究结果突出了一种新型生物防治产品保护葡萄藤免受霜霉病侵害的不同作用方式。
