Delavar Arash, Freedman D Michal, Velazquez-Kronen Raquel, Little Mark P, Kitahara Cari M, Alexander Bruce H, Linet Martha S, Cahoon Elizabeth K
a Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute , National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , Maryland , USA.
b Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health , University of Minnesota , Minneapolis , Minnesota , USA.
Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2018 Oct-Dec;25(5-6):403-411. doi: 10.1080/09286586.2018.1501077. Epub 2018 Aug 10.
We examine the risk of cataract and cataract surgery with measures of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure and UVR sensitivity in a large, nationwide population of indoor workers.
Participants from the US Radiologic Technologists Study were followed from age at baseline survey (2003-2005) to age at earliest of cataract diagnosis, cataract surgery, or completion of last survey (2012-2013). UVR-related factors included satellite-based ambient UVR linked to lifetime residences, time spent outdoors across various age periods, history of blistering sunburns, prior diagnosis of keratinocyte carcinoma, and iris color. We used Cox proportional hazards models with age as timescale to compute hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for cataract and cataract surgery.
Participants had a median age of entry of 54.0 years, were 80.0% female, and 95.7% white. Of the 44, 891 eligible participants, 9399 cases of cataract and 3826 cases of cataract surgery were reported. Ambient UVR (quintile 5 vs. 1) was associated with an increased risk of cataract (HR = 1.08; 95% CI: 1.01-1.16) and cataract surgery (HR = 1.16; 95% CI: 1.05-1.29). Lifetime average time spent outdoors was not associated with cataract risk. History of blistering sunburns before and after age 15, but not previous keratinocyte carcinoma diagnosis was associated with both cataract and cataract surgery.
Our results suggest a modest role for residence-based ambient UVR and cataract risk among indoor workers in the United States.
我们在一个全国范围内的大型室内工作人群中，通过测量紫外线辐射（UVR）暴露量和UVR敏感性来研究白内障及白内障手术的风险。
美国放射技师研究的参与者从基线调查时的年龄（2003 - 2005年）开始随访，直至最早出现白内障诊断、白内障手术或最后一次调查完成时的年龄（2012 - 2013年）。与UVR相关的因素包括与终生居住地相关的基于卫星的环境UVR、不同年龄段在户外度过的时间、水疱性晒伤史、先前的角质形成细胞癌诊断以及虹膜颜色。我们使用以年龄为时间尺度的Cox比例风险模型来计算白内障及白内障手术的风险比（HRs）和95%置信区间（CIs）。
参与者的中位入组年龄为54.0岁，80.0%为女性，95.7%为白人。在44,891名符合条件的参与者中，报告了9399例白内障病例和3826例白内障手术病例。环境UVR（五分位数5与1相比）与白内障风险增加（HR = 1.08；95% CI：1.01 - 1.16）和白内障手术风险增加（HR = 1.16；95% CI：1.05 - 1.29）相关。终生平均户外时间与白内障风险无关。15岁前后的水疱性晒伤史，但先前的角质形成细胞癌诊断与白内障及白内障手术均无关。
我们的结果表明，在美国室内工作人群中，基于居住地的环境UVR对白内障风险有一定作用。
