Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WVa.
Department of Biological Science, University of Tulsa, Tulsa, Okla.
J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2018 Nov-Dec;6(6):1869-1876. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2018.05.020. Epub 2018 Aug 7.
Patients with pollen-related allergies are concerned about the species within their landscape that provoke their symptoms. Allergists are often asked for guidance but few information sources are available to aid patients in the recognition of allergenic plants and strategies to avoid personal exposure to them. Landscaping and horticultural workers also have few reliable guidance references, and what is available usually extols the virtues of the plants rather than their negative features. The aim of this article was to provide the results of the Landscape Allergen Working Group that was formed by the AAAAI Aerobiology Committee, which aimed to fill these existing knowledge gaps and develop guidance on producing a low-allergenic landscape. Within the context that complete pollen avoidance is unrealistic, the workgroup introduces selection criteria, avoidance strategies, and guidance on low-allergenic plants that could be selected by patients to reduce the overall pollen burden in their landscape environment. Specific focus is placed on entomophilous plants, which require insects as dispersal vectors and generally produce lower quantities of pollen, compared with anemophilous (wind-pollinated) species. Other biological hazards that can be encountered while performing landscaping activities are additionally reviewed and avoidance methods presented with the aim of protecting gardeners, and workers in the landscape and horticulture industries. The guidance presented in this article will ultimately be a helpful resource for the allergist and assist in engaging patients who are seeking to reduce the burden of allergen in their landscape environment.
花粉过敏患者关心的是他们景观中引发症状的物种。变态反应学家经常被要求提供指导，但很少有信息来源可以帮助患者识别致敏植物，并制定避免个人接触它们的策略。园艺和园艺工作者也很少有可靠的指导参考资料，而且现有的资料通常只宣扬植物的优点，而不是它们的负面特征。本文的目的是提供由 AAAAI 空气生物学委员会组成的景观过敏原工作组的结果，该工作组旨在填补这些现有知识空白，并制定关于生产低致敏性景观的指导意见。在完全避免花粉不现实的情况下，工作组介绍了选择标准、避免策略以及可被患者选择以减少其景观环境中总花粉负担的低致敏性植物的指导意见。特别关注传粉媒介依赖昆虫的虫媒植物，与风媒（风授粉）物种相比，这些植物通常产生的花粉量较少。还额外审查了在进行园艺活动时可能遇到的其他生物危害，并提出了避免方法，目的是保护园艺工作者和园艺行业的工人。本文提出的指导意见最终将成为变态反应学家的有用资源，并有助于让那些寻求减轻景观环境中过敏原负担的患者参与进来。
