Gagnon Sheila S, Nindl Bradley C, Vaara Jani P, Santtila Matti, Häkkinen Keijo, Kyröläinen Heikki
Neuromuscular Research Center, Biology of Physical Activity, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
Wolf Orthopaedic Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.
Front Physiol. 2018 Jul 27;9:1005. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01005. eCollection 2018.
Few large-scale population-based studies have adequately examined the relationships between steroid hormones, health status and physical fitness. The purpose of the study was to describe the relationship of serum basal endogenous steroid hormones (testosterone, TES; empirical free testosterone, EFT; cortisol, COR) and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) to body composition, cardiovascular risk factors, and physical fitness in young healthy men. Male reservists (25 ± 4 years, = 846) participated in the study. Basal TES, EFT, COR, and SHBG were measured in morning fasted blood. Stepwise regression analyses were used to examine associations between individual hormones to four separate categories: (1) body composition; (2) cardiovascular risk factors; (3) relative, and (4) absolute physical fitness. Higher TES, EFT, and SHBG were associated with lower waist circumference (TES: β = -0.239, < 0.001; EFT: β = -0.385, < 0.001), % body fat (TES: β = -0.163, = 0.003), and body mass index (SHBG: β = -0.435, < 0.001). Lower cardiovascular risk factors were associated with higher TES, EFT and SHBG concentrations, especially between SHBG and triglycerides (β = -0.277, < 0.001) and HDL (β = 0.154, < 0.001). Greater maximal relative aerobic capacity was concurrent with higher TES, EFT, and SHBG (β = 0.171, 0.113, 0.263, < 0.001, =0.005, <0.001, respectively). Higher basal concentrations of TES, EFT, and SHBG were weakly associated with healthier body composition, fewer cardiovascular risk factors and greater relative aerobic capacity in healthy young men. It would be interesting to investigate whether these relationships are still evident after a few decades, and how different training modes (endurance, strength or their combination) positively affect physical fitness, body composition and their regulatory mechanisms over the decades.
很少有基于大规模人群的研究充分考察类固醇激素、健康状况和体能之间的关系。本研究的目的是描述血清基础内源性类固醇激素（睾酮，TES；游离睾酮，EFT；皮质醇，COR）和性激素结合球蛋白（SHBG）与年轻健康男性的身体成分、心血管危险因素和体能之间的关系。男性预备役军人（25±4岁，n = 846）参与了该研究。在早晨空腹血液中测量基础TES、EFT、COR和SHBG。采用逐步回归分析来检验个体激素与四个不同类别之间的关联：（1）身体成分；（2）心血管危险因素；（3）相对体能，以及（4）绝对体能。较高的TES、EFT和SHBG与较低的腰围相关（TES：β = -0.239，P < 0.001；EFT：β = -0.385，P < 0.001）、体脂百分比（TES：β = -0.163，P = 0.003）和体重指数（SHBG：β = -0.435，P < 0.001）。较低的心血管危险因素与较高的TES、EFT和SHBG浓度相关，尤其是SHBG与甘油三酯之间（β = -0.277，P < 0.001）以及SHBG与高密度脂蛋白之间（β = 0.154，P < 0.001）。更大的最大相对有氧能力与较高的TES、EFT和SHBG同时出现（β分别为0.171、0.113、0.263，P < 0.001、P = 0.005、P < 0.001）。较高的基础TES、EFT和SHBG浓度与健康年轻男性更健康的身体成分、更少的心血管危险因素以及更大的相对有氧能力弱相关。研究几十年后这些关系是否仍然明显，以及不同的训练模式（耐力、力量或它们的组合）如何在几十年间对体能、身体成分及其调节机制产生积极影响将是很有趣的。
