Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Oslo, Norway.
Metabolomics. 2019 Jun 13;15(6):93. doi: 10.1007/s11306-019-1553-y.
Obesity is a disorder characterized by a disproportionate increase in body weight in relation to height, mainly due to the accumulation of fat, and is considered a pandemic of the present century by many international health institutions. It is associated with several non-communicable chronic diseases, namely, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and cancer. Metabolomics is a useful tool to evaluate changes in metabolites due to being overweight and obesity at the body fluid and cellular levels and to ascertain metabolic changes in metabolically unhealthy overweight and obese individuals (MUHO) compared to metabolically healthy individuals (MHO).
We aimed to conduct a systematic review (SR) of human studies focused on identifying metabolomic signatures in obese individuals and obesity-related metabolic alterations, such as inflammation or oxidative stress.
We reviewed the literature to identify studies investigating the metabolomics profile of human obesity and that were published up to May 7th, 2019 in SCOPUS and PubMed through an SR. The quality of reporting was evaluated using an adapted of QUADOMICS.
Thirty-three articles were included and classified according to four types of approaches. (i) studying the metabolic signature of obesity, (ii) studying the differential responses of obese and non-obese subjects to dietary challenges (iii) studies that used metabolomics to predict weight loss and aimed to assess the effects of weight loss interventions on the metabolomics profiles of overweight or obese human subjects (iv) articles that studied the effects of specific dietary patterns or dietary compounds on obesity-related metabolic alterations in humans.
The present SR provides state-of-the-art information about the use of metabolomics as an approach to understanding the dynamics of metabolic processes involved in human obesity and emphasizes metabolic signatures related to obesity phenotypes.
肥胖是一种以身高相关的体重不成比例增加为特征的疾病，主要是由于脂肪的积累，许多国际卫生机构认为它是本世纪的一种大流行病。它与几种非传染性慢性疾病有关，即代谢综合征、2 型糖尿病（T2DM）、心血管疾病（CVD）和癌症。代谢组学是一种有用的工具，可以评估由于超重和肥胖在体液和细胞水平上的代谢物变化，并确定代谢不健康的超重和肥胖个体（MUHO）与代谢健康个体（MHO）相比代谢变化。
我们旨在进行一项系统评价（SR），以评估人类研究，重点是确定肥胖个体和肥胖相关代谢改变的代谢组学特征，如炎症或氧化应激。
我们通过 SR 审查了文献，以确定研究人类肥胖代谢组学特征的研究，这些研究发表于 2019 年 5 月 7 日之前的 SCOPUS 和 PubMed 上。使用 QUADOMICS 的改编版评估报告质量。
共纳入 33 篇文章，并根据四种方法进行分类。（i）研究肥胖的代谢特征，（ii）研究肥胖和非肥胖受试者对饮食挑战的差异反应，（iii）使用代谢组学预测体重减轻并旨在评估减肥干预对超重或肥胖人类受试者代谢组学特征的影响的研究，（iv）研究特定饮食模式或饮食化合物对人类肥胖相关代谢改变的影响的文章。
本 SR 提供了关于将代谢组学作为理解人类肥胖相关代谢过程动力学的方法的最新信息，并强调了与肥胖表型相关的代谢特征。
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