PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity research group (PROFITH), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
Nutrition, Exercise and Health Research group, Elikadura, Ariketa Fisikoa eta Osasuna, ELIKOS group, Institute for Innovation & Sustainable Development in Food Chain (IS-FOOD), 18 Public University of Navarra, Campus de Arrosadía, 31006 Pamplona, Spain.
Nutrients. 2018 Aug 12;10(8):1075. doi: 10.3390/nu10081075.
The objective of the present cross-sectional study was to examine the associations of physical activity and the adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern (MDP) with bone mineral content (BMC) and density (BMD) in children with overweight and obesity. A total of 177 ( = 80 girls) children with overweight and obesity aged 8 to 12 years old participated in the study. Both BMC and BMD were assessed by Dual-Energy X-ray absorptiometry. Dietary patterns were assessed by the KIDMED questionnaire and two 24-hour recalls. Physical activity was assessed by accelerometers for 7 consecutive days (24 hours/day). Low adherence to the MDP was observed in 82.4% of participants. Higher physical activity levels (of at least moderate intensity) and lower sedentary time were significantly associated with BMC and BMD in children with low adherence to the MDP (all < 0.05). No associations were observed between physical activity and BMC and BMD in children with high adherence to the MDP. In conclusion, engaging in moderate to vigorous physical activity and reducing the time spent in sedentary behavior might be particularly beneficial for improving bone health in overweight or obese children with poor adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern.
本横断面研究的目的是探讨体力活动和对地中海饮食模式（MDP）的依从性与超重和肥胖儿童的骨矿物质含量（BMC）和密度（BMD）之间的关联。共有 177 名（= 80 名女孩）年龄在 8 至 12 岁的超重和肥胖儿童参与了这项研究。通过双能 X 射线吸收法评估 BMC 和 BMD。通过 KIDMED 问卷和两份 24 小时回顾评估饮食模式。通过加速度计连续 7 天（每天 24 小时）评估体力活动。观察到 82.4%的参与者对 MDP 的依从性较低。在对 MDP 依从性较低的儿童中，较高水平的体力活动（至少为中等强度）和较低的久坐时间与 BMC 和 BMD 显著相关（均<0.05）。在对 MDP 依从性较高的儿童中，体力活动与 BMC 和 BMD 之间没有关联。总之，进行中等至剧烈的体力活动和减少久坐时间可能对改善对地中海饮食模式依从性差的超重或肥胖儿童的骨骼健康特别有益。
