Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón),Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group (GMEG), Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
Nutrients. 2021 Jan 30;13(2):474. doi: 10.3390/nu13020474.
Childhood obesity is a worldwide epidemic. Mediterranean diet (MD) is inversely associated with childhood obesity, but the interaction with other environmental factors, such screen time, might influence the health benefits of a high MD adherence in adolescents. The aim of the present study was to assess whether an association between MD and screen time exists in European adolescents. Moreover, we also explored whether sedentary time has a modulatory effect on the association between MD and adiposity. Adherence to the MD (24 h recalls), screen time (questionnaire), pubertal development, body mass index (BMI), fat mass index (FMI) and waist circumference (WC) were evaluated in 2053 adolescents (54.7% females), aged 12.5-17.5 years. In females, MD adherence was associated with lower BMI and FMI only when they were exposed to less than 338 min/day of screen time (81.8% of females); MD adherence was also associated with lower WC only when females were exposed to less than 143 min/day of screen time (31.5% of females). No significant MD-screen time interaction was observed in males. In conclusion, screen-time-based sedentary behaviours had a modulatory effect in the association between MD adherence and adiposity in European female adolescents.
儿童肥胖是一个全球性的问题。地中海饮食（Mediterranean diet，MD）与儿童肥胖呈负相关，但与其他环境因素（如屏幕时间）的相互作用可能会影响青少年高 MD 依从性的健康益处。本研究的目的是评估 MD 与屏幕时间之间是否存在关联。此外，我们还探讨了久坐时间是否对 MD 与肥胖之间的关联有调节作用。在 2053 名年龄在 12.5-17.5 岁的青少年中评估了 MD 依从性（24 小时回忆）、屏幕时间（问卷）、青春期发育、体重指数（BMI）、脂肪质量指数（FMI）和腰围（WC）。在女性中，只有当她们每天暴露在少于 338 分钟的屏幕时间（81.8%的女性）时，MD 依从性才与较低的 BMI 和 FMI 相关；只有当女性每天暴露在少于 143 分钟的屏幕时间（31.5%的女性）时，MD 依从性才与较低的 WC 相关。在男性中未观察到 MD-屏幕时间的显著相互作用。总之，基于屏幕时间的久坐行为对欧洲女性青少年 MD 依从性和肥胖之间的关联有调节作用。
