衰老过程中促进认知脑健康的运动：剂量评估的系统综述
Exercise for cognitive brain health in aging: A systematic review for an evaluation of dose.
作者信息
Gomes-Osman Joyce, Cabral Danylo F, Morris Timothy P, McInerney Katalina, Cahalin Lawrence P, Rundek Tatjana, Oliveira Augusto, Pascual-Leone Alvaro
机构信息
Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation and Division of Cognitive Neurology (JG-O, TPM, AP-L), Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Departments of Physical Therapy (JG-O, DFC, LPC), Neurology (JG-O, KM, TR), and Evelyn F. McKnight Institute (JG-O, TR), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Departamento de Fisioterapia (DFC, AO), Universidade Estadual de Ciências da Saúde de Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil; Departament de Psicobiologia i Ciències de la Salut (AP-L), Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain; and Institut Guttmann (TPM, AP-L), Institut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació adscrit a la UAB, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.
出版信息
Neurol Clin Pract. 2018 Jun;8(3):257-265. doi: 10.1212/CPJ.0000000000000460.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
We systematically appraised randomized controlled trials proposing exercise to influence cognition in older adults to (1) assess the methodologic quality using Cochrane criteria; (2) describe various exercise dose measures and assess their relationship with improved cognitive performance; and (3) identify consistent patterns of reported effects on cognition.
RECENT FINDINGS
There was overall good methodologic quality in all 98 included studies. The assessment of the relationship between improved cognition and various measures of exercise dose (session duration, weekly minutes, frequency, total weeks, and total hours) revealed a significant correlation with total hours. Improvements in global cognition, processing speed/attention, and executive function were most stable and consistent.
SUMMARY
We found that exercising for at least 52 hours is associated with improved cognitive performance in older adults with and without cognitive impairment. Exercise modes supported by evidence are aerobic, resistance (strength) training, mind-body exercises, or combinations of these interventions.
综述目的
我们系统评估了提出运动可影响老年人认知功能的随机对照试验，以（1）使用Cochrane标准评估方法学质量；（2）描述各种运动剂量测量方法并评估它们与认知功能改善之间的关系；（3）确定报告的对认知功能影响的一致模式。
最新发现
所有98项纳入研究的方法学质量总体良好。对认知功能改善与各种运动剂量测量方法（每次训练时长、每周分钟数、频率、总周数和总小时数）之间关系的评估显示，与总小时数存在显著相关性。整体认知、处理速度/注意力和执行功能的改善最为稳定和一致。
总结
我们发现，无论有无认知障碍，老年人进行至少52小时的运动与认知功能改善相关。有证据支持的运动方式为有氧运动、抗阻（力量）训练、身心运动或这些干预措施的组合。
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