Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.
Rehabilitation Robotics Lab (a GRASP Lab), University of Pennsylvania, 1800 Lombard Street, Philadelphia, 19146, USA.
J Neuroeng Rehabil. 2018 Aug 14;15(1):75. doi: 10.1186/s12984-018-0418-3.
There is increasing evidence that HIV is an independent risk factor for stroke, resulting in an emerging population of people living with both HIV and stroke all over the world. However, neurorehabilitation strategies for the HIV-stroke population are distinctly lacking, which poses an enormous global health challenge. In order to address this gap, a better understanding of the HIV-stroke population is needed, as well as potential approaches to design effective neurorehabilitation strategies for this population. This review goes into the mechanisms, manifestations, and treatment options of neurologic injury in stroke and HIV, the additional challenges posed by the HIV-stroke population, and rehabilitation engineering approaches for both high and low resource areas. The aim of this review is to connect the underlying neurologic properties in both HIV and stroke to rehabilitation engineering. It reviews what is currently known about the association between HIV and stroke and gaps in current treatment strategies for the HIV-stroke population. We highlight relevant current areas of research that can help advance neurorehabilitation strategies specifically for the HIV-stroke population. We then explore how robot-assisted rehabilitation combined with community-based rehabilitation could be used as a potential approach to meet the challenges posed by the HIV-stroke population. We include some of our own work exploring a community-based robotic rehabilitation exercise system. The most relevant strategies will be ones that not only take into account the individual status of the patient but also the cultural and economic considerations of their respective environment.
越来越多的证据表明，HIV 是中风的一个独立危险因素，导致全世界出现了越来越多同时患有 HIV 和中风的人群。然而，针对 HIV 中风人群的神经康复策略明显缺乏，这对全球健康构成了巨大挑战。为了解决这一差距，需要更好地了解 HIV 中风人群，以及为该人群设计有效神经康复策略的潜在方法。这篇综述探讨了中风和 HIV 中神经损伤的机制、表现和治疗选择、HIV 中风人群带来的额外挑战，以及高、低资源地区的康复工程方法。本综述的目的是将 HIV 和中风中的潜在神经特性与康复工程联系起来。它回顾了目前已知的 HIV 与中风之间的关联，以及 HIV 中风人群中当前治疗策略的差距。我们强调了相关的当前研究领域，这些领域可以帮助推进针对 HIV 中风人群的神经康复策略。然后，我们探讨了如何将机器人辅助康复与社区康复相结合，作为应对 HIV 中风人群带来的挑战的一种潜在方法。我们还包括了我们自己探索社区机器人康复锻炼系统的一些工作。最相关的策略不仅要考虑到患者的个体状况，还要考虑到他们各自环境的文化和经济因素。
