Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 455 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
Department of Biology, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
J Cell Sci. 2018 Aug 16;131(16):jcs214577. doi: 10.1242/jcs.214577.
Accurate chromosome segregation critically depends on the formation of attachments between microtubule polymers and each sister chromatid. The kinetochore is the macromolecular complex that assembles at the centromere of each chromosome during mitosis and serves as the link between the DNA and the microtubules. In this Cell Science at a Glance article and accompanying poster, we discuss the activities and molecular players that are involved in generating kinetochore-microtubule attachments, including the initial stages of lateral kinetochore-microtubule interactions and maturation to stabilized end-on attachments. We additionally explore the features that contribute to the ability of the kinetochore to track with dynamic microtubules. Finally, we examine the contributions of microtubule-associated proteins to the organization and stabilization of the mitotic spindle and the control of microtubule dynamics.
准确的染色体分离严重依赖于微管聚合物与每个姐妹染色单体之间附着的形成。动粒是在有丝分裂期间组装在每条染色体着丝粒处的大分子复合物,是 DNA 和微管之间的连接。在本期《细胞科学一瞥》文章和配套海报中,我们讨论了参与产生动粒-微管附着的活动和分子参与者,包括侧向动粒-微管相互作用的初始阶段和向稳定的端对端附着的成熟。我们还探索了有助于动粒与动态微管跟踪的特征。最后,我们研究了微管相关蛋白对有丝分裂纺锤体的组织和稳定以及微管动力学控制的贡献。