Arch Suicide Res. 2020 Jan-Mar;24(1):82-95. doi: 10.1080/13811118.2018.1509749. Epub 2019 Jan 11.
Suicide is the second leading cause of death in college students. While research indicates a positive impact of gatekeeper training programs on knowledge and attitudes, few have examined change in suicide prevention behaviors. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a brief suicide prevention training for college campuses on knowledge, self-efficacy to intervene, and gatekeeper behaviors. A longitudinal design was employed to examine changes from pretest to post-test and 3-month follow-up. Participants included 517 students, staff, and faculty who attended a 90-minute training and completed self-report surveys. The training included both didactic and experiential components. Repeated measures ANOVAs indicated that knowledge, self-efficacy to discuss suicide and to refer to resources, and gatekeeper behavior increased from pretest to post-test and follow-up. Students exhibited a greater increase in gatekeeper behaviors, in comparison to non-students. Large changes were observed on publicizing suicide prevention information and having informal conversations about suicide with students, and 76% had engaged in gatekeeper behavior at follow-up. Findings offer support for the potential efficacy of a brief prevention program, with promising effects on several suicide prevention behaviors. Declines on knowledge and self-efficacy from post-test to follow-up highlight the importance of booster sessions and complementary programming.
自杀是大学生的第二大死因。虽然研究表明，门户型培训计划对知识和态度有积极影响，但很少有研究考察预防自杀行为的变化。本研究旨在评估针对大学校园的简短自杀预防培训对知识、干预自我效能感和门户型行为的影响。采用纵向设计来考察从预测试到后测试和 3 个月随访的变化。参与者包括 517 名学生、工作人员和教师，他们参加了 90 分钟的培训，并完成了自我报告调查。培训包括理论和体验两部分。重复测量方差分析表明，知识、讨论自杀和转介资源的自我效能感以及门户型行为从预测试到后测试和随访都有所增加。与非学生相比，学生的门户型行为增加更多。在宣传预防自杀信息和与学生进行关于自杀的非正式对话方面观察到了较大的变化，76%的人在随访时采取了门户型行为。研究结果为简短预防计划的潜在效果提供了支持，对几种预防自杀行为有积极影响。从后测试到随访的知识和自我效能感下降强调了强化课程和补充计划的重要性。
