Department of Immunology and Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, 44# Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, China.
Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2018 Oct;67(10):1481-1489. doi: 10.1007/s00262-018-2226-9. Epub 2018 Aug 17.
Immunotherapy targeting the PD-L1/PD-1 pathway using antibodies is effective in the clinical treatment of a multitude of cancers. This makes research of the regulatory mechanisms of PD-1 expression in cancer cells intriguing. PD-L1 expression can be categorized into inducible expression, attributed to extrinsic factors in the microenvironment, and constitutive expression, attributed to intrinsic cancer-driving gene alteration. The mechanisms of PD-L1 expression in cancer cells operate at multiple levels, including gene amplification, chromatin modification, transcription, posttranscription, translation and posttranslation. Moreover, some open questions in this field that need to be answered in future research are proposed. Studies of regulatory mechanisms of PD-L1 expression pave the way for the application of more effective approaches in the future of cancer immunotherapy.
免疫疗法针对 PD-L1/PD-1 通路的抗体在多种癌症的临床治疗中是有效的。这使得研究 PD-1 在癌细胞中的表达调控机制变得很有趣。PD-L1 的表达可以分为诱导性表达，归因于微环境中的外在因素，和组成型表达，归因于内在的癌症驱动基因改变。癌细胞中 PD-L1 表达的机制在多个水平上起作用，包括基因扩增、染色质修饰、转录、转录后、翻译和翻译后。此外，还提出了该领域中一些需要在未来研究中回答的悬而未决的问题。PD-L1 表达调控机制的研究为癌症免疫治疗的未来应用铺平了道路。
