Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, 700 W. State St., West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
National Institutes of Health, Office of Dietary Supplements, 6100 Executive Blvd., Bethesda, MD 20892-7517, USA.
Nutrients. 2018 Aug 17;10(8):1114. doi: 10.3390/nu10081114.
The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of use and types of dietary supplements (DS) used by U.S. adults (≥19 years) by sociodemographic characteristics: family income-to-poverty ratio (PIR), food security status, and Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) participation using NHANES 2011⁻2014 data ( = 11,024). DS use was ascertained via a home inventory and a retrospective 30-day questionnaire. Demographic and socioeconomic differences related to DS use were evaluated using a univariate statistic. Half of U.S. adults (52%) took at least one DS during a 30-day period; multivitamin-mineral (MVM) products were the most commonly used (31%). DS and MVM use was significantly higher among those with a household income of ≥ 350% of the poverty level, those who were food secure, and SNAP income-ineligible nonparticipants across all sex, age, and race/ethnic groups. Among women, prevalence of use significantly differed between SNAP participants (39%) and SNAP income-eligible nonparticipants (54%). Older adults (71+ years) remained the highest consumers of DS, specifically among the highest income group (82%), while younger adults (19⁻30 years), predominantly in the lowest income group (28%), were the lowest consumers. Among U.S. adults, DS use and the types of products consumed varied with income, food security, and SNAP participation.
本研究旨在根据社会人口特征估计美国成年人（≥19 岁）使用膳食补充剂（DS）的流行率：家庭收入与贫困比率（PIR）、食品保障状况和补充营养援助计划（SNAP）参与情况，使用 NHANES 2011-2014 年数据（n=11024）。通过家庭库存和回顾性 30 天问卷调查确定 DS 使用情况。使用单变量 统计数据评估与 DS 使用相关的人口统计学和社会经济差异。一半的美国成年人（52%）在 30 天内至少服用了一种 DS；复合维生素-矿物质（MVM）产品是最常用的（31%）。在家庭收入≥贫困水平 350%的人群、食品有保障的人群以及 SNAP 无资格的非参与者中，DS 和 MVM 的使用明显更高，所有性别、年龄和种族/族裔群体均如此。在女性中，SNAP 参与者（39%）和 SNAP 有资格的非参与者（54%）之间的使用差异显著。老年人（71 岁及以上）仍然是 DS 的最大消费者，尤其是在收入最高的群体（82%），而年轻人（19-30 岁），主要是在收入最低的群体（28%），是 DS 的最低消费者。在美国成年人中，DS 的使用和消费的产品类型因收入、食品保障和 SNAP 参与情况而异。
