Department of Physical Therapy, Crean College of Health and Behavioral Sciences, Chapman University, Irvine, California.
Los Angeles Angels, Scottsdale, Arizona.
Sports Health. 2018 Nov/Dec;10(6):538-546. doi: 10.1177/1941738118795425. Epub 2018 Aug 21.
: Low back pain is common in golfers. The risk factors for golf-related low back pain are unclear but may include individual demographic, anthropometric, and practice factors as well as movement characteristics of the golf swing.
: The aims of this systematic review were to summarize and synthesize evidence for factors associated with low back pain in recreational and professional golfers.
: A systematic literature search was conducted using the PubMed, CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus electronic databases through September 2017.
: Studies were included if they quantified demographic, anthropometric, biomechanical, or practice variables in individuals with and without golf-related low back pain.
: Systematic review and meta-analysis.
: Level 3.
: Studies were independently reviewed for inclusion by 2 authors, and the following data were extracted: characterization of low back pain, participant demographics, anthropometrics, biomechanics, strength/flexibility, and practice characteristics. The methodological quality of studies was appraised by 3 authors using a previously published checklist. Where possible, individual and pooled effect sizes of select variables of interest were calculated for differences between golfers with and without pain.
: The search retrieved 73 articles, 19 of which met the inclusion criteria (12 case-control studies, 5 cross-sectional studies, and 2 prospective longitudinal studies). Methodological quality scores ranged from 12.5% to 100.0%. Pooled analyses demonstrated a significant association between increased age and body mass and golf-related low back pain in cross-sectional/case-control studies. Prospective data indicated that previous history of back pain predicts future episodes of pain.
: Individual demographic and anthropometric characteristics may be associated with low back pain, but this does not support a relationship between swing characteristics and the development of golf-related pain. Additional high-quality prospective studies are needed to clarify risk factors for back pain in golfers.
腰痛在高尔夫球手中很常见。与高尔夫相关的腰痛的危险因素尚不清楚，但可能包括个体人口统计学、人体测量学和练习因素以及高尔夫挥杆的运动特征。
本系统评价的目的是总结和综合与娱乐和职业高尔夫球手腰痛相关的因素的证据。
通过 2017 年 9 月的 PubMed、CINAHL 和 SPORTDiscus 电子数据库进行系统文献检索。
如果在有和没有与高尔夫相关的腰痛的个体中量化了人口统计学、人体测量学、生物力学或练习变量的研究，则将其纳入研究。
系统评价和荟萃分析。
3 级。
两名作者独立审查纳入研究，并提取以下数据：腰痛特征、参与者人口统计学、人体测量学、生物力学、力量/柔韧性和练习特征。三名作者使用先前发表的检查表评估研究的方法学质量。在可能的情况下，计算了选定感兴趣变量的个体和汇总效应大小，以比较有和无疼痛的高尔夫球手之间的差异。
搜索检索到 73 篇文章，其中 19 篇符合纳入标准（12 项病例对照研究、5 项横断面研究和 2 项前瞻性纵向研究）。方法学质量评分范围为 12.5%至 100.0%。荟萃分析表明，横断面/病例对照研究中年龄和体重增加与与高尔夫相关的腰痛之间存在显著关联。前瞻性数据表明，先前的背痛史预测未来的疼痛发作。
个体人口统计学和人体测量学特征可能与腰痛相关，但这并不能支持挥杆特征与高尔夫相关疼痛的发展之间的关系。需要更多高质量的前瞻性研究来阐明高尔夫球手背痛的危险因素。
