School of Basic Medical Sciences, Digital Medical Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention, Shanghai, China.
Biomed Eng Online. 2018 Aug 22;17(1):113. doi: 10.1186/s12938-018-0544-y.
As the most common examination tool in medical practice, chest radiography has important clinical value in the diagnosis of disease. Thus, the automatic detection of chest disease based on chest radiography has become one of the hot topics in medical imaging research. Based on the clinical applications, the study conducts a comprehensive survey on computer-aided detection (CAD) systems, and especially focuses on the artificial intelligence technology applied in chest radiography. The paper presents several common chest X-ray datasets and briefly introduces general image preprocessing procedures, such as contrast enhancement and segmentation, and bone suppression techniques that are applied to chest radiography. Then, the CAD system in the detection of specific disease (pulmonary nodules, tuberculosis, and interstitial lung diseases) and multiple diseases is described, focusing on the basic principles of the algorithm, the data used in the study, the evaluation measures, and the results. Finally, the paper summarizes the CAD system in chest radiography based on artificial intelligence and discusses the existing problems and trends.
作为医学实践中最常用的检查工具，胸部 X 射线摄影在疾病诊断中具有重要的临床价值。因此，基于胸部 X 射线摄影的胸部疾病自动检测已成为医学影像学研究的热门话题之一。本研究基于临床应用，对计算机辅助检测 (CAD) 系统进行了全面调查，特别是重点介绍了应用于胸部 X 射线摄影的人工智能技术。本文介绍了几个常见的胸部 X 射线数据集，并简要介绍了一般的图像预处理程序，如对比度增强和分割以及应用于胸部 X 射线摄影的骨骼抑制技术。然后，描述了用于特定疾病（肺结节、结核病和间质性肺疾病）和多种疾病检测的 CAD 系统，重点介绍了算法的基本原理、研究中使用的数据、评估指标和结果。最后，本文总结了基于人工智能的胸部 X 射线摄影 CAD 系统，并讨论了存在的问题和趋势。
