Kaushik Shivani B, Kaushik Nitin
Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India.
Noncoding RNA Res. 2016 Nov 24;1(1):83-86. doi: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2016.11.003. eCollection 2016 Oct.
Skin cancers are the most common form of cancer in humans. They can largely be categorized into Melanoma and Non-melanoma skin cancers. The latter mainly includes Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) and Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC), and have a higher incidence than melanomas. There has been a recent emergence of interest in the role of non-coding RNA's in pathogenesis of skin cancers. The transcripts which lack any protein coding capacity are called non-coding RNA. These non-coding RNA are further classified based on their length; small non-coding RNA (<200 nucleotides) and long non-coding RNA (>200 nucleotides). ncRNA They are involved at multiple transcriptional, post transcriptional and epigenetic levels, modulating cell proliferation, angiogenesis, senescence and apoptosis. Their expression pattern has also been linked to metastases, drug resistance and long term prognosis. They have both diagnostic and prognostic significance for skin cancers, and can also be a target for future therapies for cutaneous malignancies. More research is needed to further utilize their potential as therapeutic targets.
皮肤癌是人类最常见的癌症形式。它们大致可分为黑色素瘤和非黑色素瘤皮肤癌。后者主要包括鳞状细胞癌（SCC）和基底细胞癌（BCC），其发病率高于黑色素瘤。最近，人们对非编码RNA在皮肤癌发病机制中的作用产生了兴趣。缺乏任何蛋白质编码能力的转录本被称为非编码RNA。这些非编码RNA根据其长度进一步分类；小非编码RNA（<200个核苷酸）和长非编码RNA（>200个核苷酸）。ncRNA它们参与多个转录、转录后和表观遗传水平，调节细胞增殖、血管生成、衰老和凋亡。它们的表达模式也与转移、耐药性和长期预后有关。它们对皮肤癌具有诊断和预后意义，也可以成为皮肤恶性肿瘤未来治疗的靶点。需要更多的研究来进一步利用它们作为治疗靶点的潜力。
