Laboratory of Bioengineering of plants and microorganisms, Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics UFRC RAS, Prospekt Oktabrya, 71, Ufa, Russian Federation, 450054.
Environ Monit Assess. 2018 Aug 29;190(9):557. doi: 10.1007/s10661-018-6946-2.
Gene flow from genetically modified crops has been studied for more than 20 years, but public concern still remains. A lot of data on this matter is obtained on the territory of EU and the USA, but in the majority of countries, such experiments were never carried out. Here, we present the first study of interspecific and intraspecific hybridization of transgenic Brassica napus on the territory of Russia. The experiment was conducted using two different models of coexistence. Cross-pollination with related species was more frequent in mixed than that in separated populations. We observed maximum 4.1% of transgenic seeds in the progeny of Brassica rapa and 0.6% in the progeny of Brassica juncea. The highest intraspecific hybridization rate of 0.67% was observed in separated populations. DNA fragments, typical to both parents, were present in the genome of the hybrids. The risk of gene flow in Russia is relatively low, but it will be problematic to do environmental monitoring on such a big territory. However, instead of banning the cultivation of genetically modified crops, some new varieties with visually detectable selective traits could be designed and approved for cultivation.
基因流从转基因作物已经研究了超过 20 年，但公众的关注仍然存在。大量的数据对这个问题是在欧盟和美国获得的领土，但在大多数国家，这种实验从未进行过。在这里，我们提出了第一个研究种间和种内杂交的转基因油菜在俄罗斯的领土上。该实验使用两种不同的共存模型进行。异交与相关物种更为频繁的混合比分离种群。我们观察到最大的 4.1%的转基因种子在 Brassica rapa 的后代和 0.6%在 Brassica juncea 的后代。最高的种内杂交率为 0.67%是在分离的种群中观察到的。DNA 片段，典型的父母，都存在于杂种的基因组。在俄罗斯的基因流的风险是相对较低的，但这将是一个问题，做环境监测在这样一个大的领土。然而，而不是禁止种植转基因作物，一些新的品种，具有可视的选择性特征可以设计和批准种植。
