Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, National United University, Miaoli, Taiwan.
Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, Taipei City Hospital, Heping Fuyou Branch, Taipei, Taiwan.
Environ Res. 2018 Nov;167:567-574. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.08.007. Epub 2018 Aug 7.
Nonylphenol (NP) and/or bisphenol A (BPA) may have reproductive effects. Although the mechanisms of action remain unclear, steroid hormones biosynthesis, hypothalamus pituitary adrenal axis activity, oxidative stress, and crosstalk interaction of NP and BPA mixture and its pathways may play a contributory role. This cross-sectional study examined whether the interactive effects of NP/BPA and oxidative stress biomarkers played a role in reproductive indices (penis length and anogenital distance (AGD)) in 244 mother-fetus pairs. Four biomarkers of oxidative stress, (8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), 8-nitroguanine (8-NOGua), 8-iso-prostaglandin F (8-isoPF), and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal-mercapturic acid (HNE-MA)) were simultaneously analyzed using the high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry method. No significant associations were found between reproductive indices and NP/BPA or oxidative stress biomarkers. Maternal exposure to a mixture of NP and BPA may enhance 8-OHdG. Interactive effects were found in the high 8-isoPF group, and prenatal NP exposure was inversely associated with penis length (β = -3.68 mm; p = 0.01). Similar results were noted among boys who were born to mothers in the high 8-isoPF group, in which BPA was inversely associated with penis length (β = -4.43 mm; p = 0.005). Our findings suggest important implications for prenatal exposure to oxidative stress, as evidenced by the 8-isoPF2α level. Thus, NP and BPA may interact to shape fetal reproductive tract development, particularly in boys. The interactive effects of NP/BPA, oxidative stress, and reproductive indices should be considered.
壬基酚 (NP) 和/或双酚 A (BPA) 可能具有生殖毒性。尽管其作用机制尚不清楚，但甾体激素生物合成、下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴活性、氧化应激以及 NP 和 BPA 混合物及其途径的串扰相互作用可能发挥了一定作用。本横断面研究调查了 NP/BPA 与氧化应激生物标志物的交互作用是否会对 244 对母婴的生殖指标（阴茎长度和肛门生殖器距离 (AGD)）产生影响。采用高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱法同时分析了四种氧化应激生物标志物（8-羟基-2'-脱氧鸟苷 (8-OHdG)、8-硝基鸟嘌呤 (8-NOGua)、8-异前列腺素 F (8-isoPF) 和 4-羟基-2-壬烯醛-巯基尿酸盐 (HNE-MA)）。生殖指标与 NP/BPA 或氧化应激生物标志物之间未发现显著相关性。母体暴露于 NP 和 BPA 的混合物可能会增加 8-OHdG。在高 8-isoPF 组中发现了交互作用，并且 NP 暴露与阴茎长度呈负相关（β=-3.68mm；p=0.01）。在母体处于高 8-isoPF 组的男孩中也观察到了类似的结果，其中 BPA 与阴茎长度呈负相关（β=-4.43mm；p=0.005）。我们的研究结果表明，8-isoPF2α 水平表明，产前暴露于氧化应激可能具有重要意义。因此，NP 和 BPA 可能相互作用，影响胎儿生殖道的发育，尤其是男孩。应考虑 NP/BPA、氧化应激和生殖指标的交互作用。
