美国成年人电子烟使用的流行率和分布：2016 年行为风险因素监测系统。
Prevalence and Distribution of E-Cigarette Use Among U.S. Adults: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2016.
机构信息
The American Heart Association Tobacco Regulation and Addiction Center, Dallas, Texas, and Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (M.M., S.I.U., O.A.O., M.J.B.).
Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, and University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (P.C.).
出版信息
Ann Intern Med. 2018 Oct 2;169(7):429-438. doi: 10.7326/M17-3440. Epub 2018 Aug 28.
BACKGROUND
Contemporary data on the prevalence of e-cigarette use in the United States are limited.
OBJECTIVE
To report the prevalence and distribution of current e-cigarette use among U.S. adults in 2016.
DESIGN
Cross-sectional.
SETTING
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2016.
PARTICIPANTS
Adults aged 18 years and older.
MEASUREMENTS
Prevalence of current e-cigarette use by sociodemographic groups, comorbid medical conditions, and states of residence.
RESULTS
Of participants with information on e-cigarette use (n = 466 842), 15 240 were current e-cigarette users, representing a prevalence of 4.5%, which corresponds to 10.8 million adult e-cigarette users in the United States. Of the e-cigarette users, 15% were never-cigarette smokers. The prevalence of current e-cigarette use was highest among persons aged 18 to 24 years (9.2% [95% CI, 8.6% to 9.8%]), translating to approximately 2.8 million users in this age range. More than half the current e-cigarette users (51.2%) were younger than 35 years. In addition, the age-standardized prevalence of e-cigarette use was high among men; lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) persons; current combustible cigarette smokers; and those with chronic health conditions. The prevalence of e-cigarette use varied widely among states, with estimates ranging from 3.1% (CI, 2.3% to 4.1%) in South Dakota to 7.0% (CI, 6.0% to 8.2%) in Oklahoma.
LIMITATION
Data were self-reported, and no biochemical confirmation of tobacco use was available.
CONCLUSION
E-cigarette use is common, especially in younger adults, LGBT persons, current cigarette smokers, and persons with comorbid conditions. The prevalence of use differs across states. These contemporary estimates may inform researchers, health care policymakers, and tobacco regulators about demographic and geographic distributions of e-cigarette use.
PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE
American Heart Association Tobacco Regulation and Addiction Center, which is funded by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.
背景
目前美国关于电子烟使用流行率的数据有限。
目的
报告 2016 年美国成年人当前电子烟使用的流行率和分布情况。
设计
横断面研究。
设置
行为风险因素监测系统，2016 年。
参与者
年龄在 18 岁及以上的成年人。
测量
按社会人口统计学群体、合并的医疗状况和居住州划分的当前电子烟使用流行率。
结果
在有电子烟使用信息的参与者中（n=466842），15240 人为当前电子烟使用者，流行率为 4.5%，相当于美国有 1080 万成年电子烟使用者。在电子烟使用者中，15%的人从不吸烟。18 至 24 岁人群中当前电子烟使用率最高（9.2%[95%CI，8.6%至 9.8%]），这一年龄范围的使用者约为 280 万。超过一半的当前电子烟使用者（51.2%）年龄小于 35 岁。此外，男性、女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋和跨性别者（LGBT）、当前可燃香烟吸烟者和患有慢性健康状况者的电子烟使用率年龄标准化率较高。电子烟使用率在各州之间差异很大，南达科他州估计为 3.1%（CI，2.3%至 4.1%），俄克拉荷马州估计为 7.0%（CI，6.0%至 8.2%）。
局限性
数据为自我报告，且没有关于烟草使用的生物化学确认。
结论
电子烟的使用很普遍，尤其是在年轻成年人、LGBT 人群、当前香烟吸烟者和合并疾病患者中。使用率因州而异。这些现代的估计结果可能会为研究人员、医疗保健政策制定者和烟草监管机构提供电子烟使用的人口统计学和地理分布信息。
主要资金来源
美国心脏协会烟草监管和成瘾中心，由美国食品和药物管理局和美国国家心脏、肺和血液研究所资助。
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