a School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science) , The University of Western Australia , Crawley , Western Australia.
b Western Australian Institute of Sport , Mt Claremont , Western Australia.
Eur J Sport Sci. 2019 Apr;19(3):295-304. doi: 10.1080/17461391.2018.1512653. Epub 2018 Sep 3.
The aim of this study was to compare the impact of continuous (CON) and intermittent (INT) heat acclimation protocols on repeat-sprint performance, and to also assess the degree of performance decay following acclimation. Using a pair-matched, between subjects design, 16 trained male team sport athletes were allocated to either INT (8 sessions over 15 days) or CON acclimation (8 sessions over 8 days) groups. Participants performed a heat tolerance test (HTT) involving 60-min of repeat-sprint cycling with a 10-min half time break (in 35.3 ± 0.7°C, 60.1 ± 4.0%; RH) two days pre- (pre-HTT) and post-acclimation (post-HTT1). Decay was investigated with two further HTT's completed over the next two weeks (post-HTT2 and post-HTT3). Results showed the post-HTT1 performance variables [mean power (pre-HTT; INT = 1002.07 ± 173.74, CON = 1057.10 ± 180.07 / post-HTT1; INT = 1097.11 ± 186.85, CON = 1163.77 ± 184.65 W), mean power (W.kg), total work (kJ) and work (J.kg)] were greater than pre-HHT (p < 0.001) after acclimation, with no differences between INT and CON. No differences in final core and mean skin temperatures or heart rate existed after INT or CON acclimation, however 30 min measures for thermal sensation, perceived thirst and ratings of perceived exertion (as well as the final measure) were lower in post-HTT1 (p < 0.05) in CON. Performance and thermoregulatory responses in post-HTT2 and 3 were similar to post-HTT1 in both INT and CON. These results indicate that prolonged repeat-sprint exercise in the heat is improved after acclimation involving short, high-intensity cycling sessions using either CON or INT protocols, with performance well-maintained over the subsequent 2 weeks, despite removal of the heat stimulus.
本研究旨在比较连续（CON）和间歇（INT）热适应方案对重复冲刺表现的影响，并评估适应后的性能下降程度。使用配对、受试者间设计，将 16 名训练有素的男性团队运动运动员分配到 INT（15 天 8 个疗程）或 CON 适应组（8 天 8 个疗程）。参与者进行了一项热耐力测试（HTT），包括 60 分钟的重复冲刺自行车运动，每 10 分钟休息一次（在 35.3±0.7°C、60.1±4.0%；RH），在适应前（前-HTT）和适应后（后-HTT1）两天进行。在接下来的两周内，通过另外两次 HTT 来研究衰减情况（后-HTT2 和后-HTT3）。结果表明，后-HTT1 性能变量[平均功率（前-HTT；INT=1002.07±173.74，CON=1057.10±180.07/后-HTT1；INT=1097.11±186.85，CON=1163.77±184.65 W）、平均功率（W.kg）、总功（kJ）和功（J.kg）]在适应后大于前-HTT（p<0.001），INT 和 CON 之间无差异。INT 或 CON 适应后，核心和平均皮肤温度或心率没有差异，但在 CON 中，后-HTT1 时的热感觉、口渴感和感知用力程度的 30 分钟测量值（以及最终测量值）较低（p<0.05）。后-HTT2 和 3 的表现和体温调节反应与 INT 和 CON 中的后-HTT1 相似。这些结果表明，在热环境中进行长时间的重复冲刺运动后，通过使用 CON 或 INT 方案进行短时间、高强度的自行车训练，可以提高适应能力，尽管去除了热刺激，但在随后的 2 周内，性能仍保持良好。
