Institute of Respiratory Disease, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China.
Department of Respiratory Medcine, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Region, Kunming 650032, China.
J Zhejiang Univ Sci B. 2018;19(9):663-673. doi: 10.1631/jzus.B1700346.
Asthma is a chronic disease of airway inflammation due to excessive T helper cell type 2 (Th2) response. Present treatment based on inhalation of synthetic glucocorticoids can only control Th2-driven chronic eosinophilic inflammation, but cannot change the immune tolerance of the body to external allergens. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are the main negative regulatory cells of the immune response. Tregs play a great role in regulating allergic, autoimmune, graft-versus-host responses, and other immune responses. In this review, we will discuss the classification and biological characteristics, the established immunomodulatory mechanisms, and the characteristics of induced differentiation of Tregs. We will also discuss the progress of Tregs in the field of asthma. We believe that further studies on the regulatory mechanisms of Tregs will provide better treatments and control strategies for asthma.
哮喘是一种气道炎症性慢性疾病，主要由辅助性 T 细胞 2（Th2）型反应过度引起。目前的治疗方法主要是通过吸入合成的糖皮质激素来控制 Th2 驱动的慢性嗜酸性粒细胞炎症，但无法改变机体对外源性过敏原的免疫耐受。调节性 T 细胞（Tregs）是免疫反应的主要负性调节细胞。Tregs 在调节过敏、自身免疫、移植物抗宿主反应和其他免疫反应中发挥着重要作用。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论 Tregs 的分类和生物学特性、已建立的免疫调节机制以及 Tregs 的诱导分化特征。我们还将讨论 Tregs 在哮喘领域的研究进展。我们相信，进一步研究 Tregs 的调节机制将为哮喘提供更好的治疗和控制策略。
