Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China.
Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
Curr Pharm Des. 2018;24(24):2855-2861. doi: 10.2174/1381612824666180903113136.
Exosomes are extracellular microparticles (≈30-100 nm in diameter) secreted from nearly all types of cells, containing a whole set of biological information including proteins, ribonucleic acid (RNA) and lipids. Latest studies show that exosomes contribute to cell-cell communication and are considered closely related with the modulation of angiogenesis and neurogenesis in many neurological diseases. In the past decade, numerous researchers were devoted to exosomes study, but the mechanism of exosomes function and delivery is uncertain. In this review, we summarized several potential mechanisms of exosomes function in angiogenesis, neurogenesis and Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) delivery, and differentiate various sources of exosomes in stroke, tumor, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) and Alzheimer's Disease (AD) aimed to report the most advanced mechanical theories in related past three years to provide a new sight for this research area.
外泌体是几乎所有类型的细胞分泌的细胞外微囊泡（直径约 30-100nm），包含一整套生物信息，包括蛋白质、核糖核酸（RNA）和脂质。最新研究表明，外泌体有助于细胞间通讯，并且被认为与许多神经疾病中的血管生成和神经发生的调节密切相关。在过去的十年中，许多研究人员致力于外泌体的研究，但外泌体的功能和传递机制尚不确定。在这篇综述中，我们总结了外泌体在血管生成、神经发生和血脑屏障（BBB）传递中的几种潜在功能机制，并区分了中风、肿瘤、创伤性脑损伤（TBI）和阿尔茨海默病（AD）中各种来源的外泌体，旨在报告相关领域过去三年中最先进的机械理论，为该研究领域提供新的视角。
